Question 1

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
  
Figure 5.8
-Which of the following molecules could be joined together by a peptide bond as a result of a dehydration reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   2 and 3
B)   3 and 7
C)   7 and 8
D)   8 and 9
E)   12 and 13

Question 2

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
  
Figure 5.8
-A fat (or triacylglycerol) would be formed as a result of a dehydration reaction between

Accepted Answer

A)   one molecule of 9 and three molecules of 10.
B)   three molecules of 9 and one molecule of 10.
C)   one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 9.
D)   three molecules of 5 and one molecule of 9.
E)   one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 10.

Question 3

What is the chemical reaction mechanism by which cells make polymers from monomers?

Accepted Answer

A)   phosphodiester linkages
B)   hydrolysis
C)   dehydration reactions
D)   ionic bonding of monomers
E)   the formation of disulfide bridges between monomers

Question 4

The tertiary structure of a protein is the

Accepted Answer

A)   bonding together of several polypeptide chains by weak bonds.
B)   order in which amino acids are joined in a polypeptide chain.
C)   unique three-dimensional shape of the fully folded polypeptide.
D)   organization of a polypeptide chain into an α helix or β pleated sheet.
E)   overall protein structure resulting from the aggregation of two or more polypeptide subunits.

Question 5

If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would be the percentage of guanine?

Accepted Answer

A)   10
B)   20
C)   40
D)   80
E)   impossible to tell from the information given

Question 6

There are 20 different amino acids. What makes one amino acid different from another?

Accepted Answer

A)   different side chains (R groups)  attached to a carboxyl carbon
B)   different side chains (R groups)  attached to the amino groups
C)   different side chains (R groups)  attached to an α carbon
D)   different structural and optical isomers
E)   different asymmetric carbons

Question 7

Which of the following techniques uses the amino acid sequences of polypeptides to predict a protein's three-dimensional structure?

Accepted Answer

A)   X-ray crystallography
B)   bioinformatics
C)   analysis of amino acid sequence of small fragments
D)   NMR spectroscopy
E)   high-speed centrifugation

Question 8

On food packages, to what does the term insoluble fiber refer?

Accepted Answer

A)   cellulose
B)   polypeptides
C)   starch
D)   amylopectin
E)   chitin

Question 9

The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆. What would be the molecular formula for a molecule made by linking three glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)   C₁₈H₃₆O₁₈
B)   C₁₈H₃₂O₁₆
C)   C₆H₁₀O₅
D)   C₁₈H₁₀O₁₅
E)   C₃H₆O₃

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)   the reaction of two monosaccharides, forming a disaccharide with the release of water
B)   the synthesis of two amino acids, forming a peptide with the release of water
C)   the reaction of a fat, forming glycerol and fatty acids with the release of water
D)   the reaction of a fat, forming glycerol and fatty acids with the consumption of water
E)   the synthesis of a nucleotide from a phosphate, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base with the production of a molecule of water

Question 11

Figure 5.1
-If two molecules of the general type shown in Figure 5.1 were linked together, carbon-1 of one molecule to carbon-4 of the other, the single molecule that would result would be

Accepted Answer

A)   maltose.
B)   fructose.
C)   glucose.
D)   galactose.
E)   sucrose.

Question 12

Figure 5.5
-Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the chemical reaction illustrated in Figure 5.5?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a hydrolysis reaction.
B)   It results in a peptide bond.
C)   It joins two fatty acids together.
D)   It is a hydrolysis reaction and it results in a peptide bond.
E)   It is a hydrolysis reaction, it results in a peptide bond, and it joins two fatty acids together.

Question 13

A double-stranded DNA molecule contains a total of 120 purines and 120 pyrimidines. This DNA molecule could be composed of

Accepted Answer

A)   120 adenine and 120 uracil molecules.
B)   120 thymine and 120 adenine molecules.
C)   120 cytosine and 120 thymine molecules.
D)   120 adenine and 120 cytosine molecules.
E)   120 guanine and 120 thymine molecules.

Question 14

Figure 5.4
-What is the structure shown in Figure 5.4?

Accepted Answer

A)   pentose molecule
B)   fatty acid molecule
C)   steroid molecule
D)   oligosaccharide molecule
E)   phospholipid molecule

Question 15

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive ³²P-labeled phosphate, which of these molecules will be labeled?

Accepted Answer

A)   phospholipids
B)   nucleic acids
C)   proteins
D)   amylose
E)   both phospholipids and nucleic acids

Question 16

A molecule with the chemical formula C₆H₁₂O₆ is probably a

Accepted Answer

A)   carbohydrate.
B)   lipid.
C)   monosaccharide
D)   carbohydrate and lipid only.
E)   carbohydrate and monosaccharide only.

Question 17

What is the term used for a protein molecule that assists in the proper folding of other proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)   tertiary protein
B)   chaperonin
C)   enzyme protein
D)   renaturing protein
E)   denaturing protein

Question 18

Figure 5.7
-The structure depicted in Figure 5.7 shows the

Accepted Answer

A)   1-4 linkage of the α glucose monomers of starch.
B)   1-4 linkage of the β glucose monomers of cellulose.
C)   double-helical structure of a DNA molecule.
D)   α helix secondary structure of a polypeptide.
E)   β pleated sheet secondary structure of a polypeptide.

Question 19

The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   removal of a water molecule
B)   addition of a water molecule
C)   formation of a glycosidic bond
D)   formation of a hydrogen bond
E)   both removal of a water molecule and formation of a hydrogen bond

Question 20

Upon chemical analysis, a particular polypeptide was found to contain 100 amino acids. How many peptide bonds are present in this protein?

Accepted Answer

A)   101
B)   100
C)   99
D)   98
E)   97

Exam 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive ³²P-labeled phosphate, which of these molecules will be labeled?

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Which of the following is an example of hydrolysis?

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On food packages, to what does the term insoluble fiber refer?

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What is the chemical reaction mechanism by which cells make polymers from monomers?

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Figure 5.5 -Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the chemical reaction illustrated in Figure 5.5?

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A double-stranded DNA molecule contains a total of 120 purines and 120 pyrimidines. This DNA molecule could be composed of

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Upon chemical analysis, a particular polypeptide was found to contain 100 amino acids. How many peptide bonds are present in this protein?

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Which of the following techniques uses the amino acid sequences of polypeptides to predict a protein's three-dimensional structure?

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Figure 5.4 -What is the structure shown in Figure 5.4?

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There are 20 different amino acids. What makes one amino acid different from another?

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The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆. What would be the molecular formula for a molecule made by linking three glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

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Figure 5.7 -The structure depicted in Figure 5.7 shows the

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If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would be the percentage of guanine?

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What is the term used for a protein molecule that assists in the proper folding of other proteins?

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The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires which of the following?

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The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. Figure 5.8 -Which of the following molecules could be joined together by a peptide bond as a result of a dehydration reaction?

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A molecule with the chemical formula C₆H₁₂O₆ is probably a

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The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. Figure 5.8 -A fat (or triacylglycerol) would be formed as a result of a dehydration reaction between

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The tertiary structure of a protein is the

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Figure 5.1 -If two molecules of the general type shown in Figure 5.1 were linked together, carbon-1 of one molecule to carbon-4 of the other, the single molecule that would result would be

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