Question 1

-Which of the groups above is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H⁺ into a solution?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 2

-Which functional group(s) shown above is (are) present in all amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   A and B
B)   B and D
C)   C only
D)   D only
E)   C and D

Question 3

-Thalidomide and L-dopa, shown below, are examples of pharmaceutical drugs that occur as enantiomers, or molecules that

Accepted Answer

A)   have identical three-dimensional shapes.
B)   are mirror images of one another.
C)   are structural isomers.
D)   are mirror images of one another and have the same biological activity.
E)   are cis-trans isomers.

Question 4

What determines whether a carbon atom's covalent bonds to other atoms are in a tetrahedral configuration or a planar configuration?

Accepted Answer

A)   the presence or absence of bonds with oxygen atoms
B)   the presence or absence of double bonds between the carbon atom and other atoms
C)   the polarity of the covalent bonds between carbon and other atoms
D)   the presence or absence of bonds with nitrogen atoms
E)   the solvent that the organic molecule is dissolved in

Question 5

-Which of the pairs of molecular structures shown below depict enantiomers (enantiomeric forms) of the same molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)

Question 6

-In which of the structures illustrated above are the atoms bonded by ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   C, D, and E only
E)   none of the structures

Question 7

Answer the following questions based on the figure below.
 
-Identify the asymmetric carbon in this molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 8

Which of the following people was the first to synthesize an organic compound, urea, from inorganic starting materials?

Accepted Answer

A)   Stanley Miller
B)   Jakob Berzelius
C)   Friedrich Wohler
D)   Hermann Kolbe
E)   August Kekulé

Question 9

-Which of the groups shown above is a functional group that helps stabilize proteins by forming covalent cross-links within or between protein molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 10

-Which molecule shown above contains an amino functional group, but is not an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 11

How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   4
E)   8

Question 12

-Which molecule shown above has a carbonyl functional group in the form of an aldehyde?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 13

-Which molecule shown above would have a positive charge in aqueous solution at pH 7?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 14

-Which molecule(s) shown above is (are) ionized in aqueous solution at pH 7?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B and D
C)   D and E
D)   D
E)   E

Question 15

Testosterone and estradiol are

Accepted Answer

A)   soluble in water.
B)   structural isomers of each other.
C)   proteins.
D)   lipids.
E)   enantiomers of each other.

Question 16

-Which of the structures illustrated above cannot form hydrogen bonds with water molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 17

-Which functional group shown above is characteristic of alcohols?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 18

Organic chemistry is currently defined as

Accepted Answer

A)   the study of compounds made only by living cells.
B)   the study of carbon compounds.
C)   the study of vital forces.
D)   the study of natural (as opposed to synthetic)  compounds.
E)   the study of hydrocarbons.

Question 19

-Which molecule shown above can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and is therefore an organic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 20

Hermann Kolbe's synthesis of an organic compound, acetic acid, from inorganic substances that had been prepared directly from pure elements was a significant milestone for what reason?

Accepted Answer

A)   It solved an industrial shortage of acetic acid.
B)   It proved that organic compounds could be synthesized from inorganic compounds.
C)   It disproved the concept of vitalism.
D)   It showed that life originated from simple inorganic chemicals.
E)   It proved that organic compounds could be synthesized from inorganic compounds and disproved the concept of vitalism.

Exam 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

-Which functional group shown above is characteristic of alcohols?

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Organic chemistry is currently defined as

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-Which of the groups above is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H⁺ into a solution?

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-Which of the structures illustrated above cannot form hydrogen bonds with water molecules?

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Hermann Kolbe's synthesis of an organic compound, acetic acid, from inorganic substances that had been prepared directly from pure elements was a significant milestone for what reason?

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-Which of the groups shown above is a functional group that helps stabilize proteins by forming covalent cross-links within or between protein molecules?

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-Which molecule shown above has a carbonyl functional group in the form of an aldehyde?

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Answer the following questions based on the figure below. -Identify the asymmetric carbon in this molecule.

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-Which molecule shown above can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and is therefore an organic acid?

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-Which molecule(s) shown above is (are) ionized in aqueous solution at pH 7?

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-Which molecule shown above would have a positive charge in aqueous solution at pH 7?

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How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?

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-In which of the structures illustrated above are the atoms bonded by ionic bonds?

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-Thalidomide and L-dopa, shown below, are examples of pharmaceutical drugs that occur as enantiomers, or molecules that

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-Which functional group(s) shown above is (are) present in all amino acids?

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Testosterone and estradiol are

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What determines whether a carbon atom's covalent bonds to other atoms are in a tetrahedral configuration or a planar configuration?

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-Which of the pairs of molecular structures shown below depict enantiomers (enantiomeric forms) of the same molecule?

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-Which molecule shown above contains an amino functional group, but is not an amino acid?

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Which of the following people was the first to synthesize an organic compound, urea, from inorganic starting materials?

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