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Exam 5: Early Childhood: Body and Mind

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Question 131

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The "just right" phase of childhood, characterized by rigidity about daily routines and food preferences and rituals, is most noticeable at about age _____.

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Question 132

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By the age of 2, a child will typically have a vocabulary of _____ words; by the age of 6, a child will typically have a vocabulary of _____ words.

A) 500; 10,000
B) 5,000:10,000
C) 200; 20,000
D) 100; 2,000

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Question 133

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A child's appetite increases between the ages of 2 and 6.

In addition to being influenced by Vygotsky, child- centered programs are also influenced by _____, who believed that each child is capable of discovering new ideas.

Explain the difference between Piaget's concept of egocentrism and the concept of egocentrism as it is used in common language. Give an example of each of the two different usages.

Why are Montessori schools still functioning, 100 years after the first such schools opened?

The process through which axons become coated with a fatty substance that speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses is called:

By the age of 6, the rigidity of the "just right" stage of development tends to fade.

Why do some young children get too fat?

Sydney helps her 2-year-old daughter to make hot chocolate. She helps the child to measure teaspoons of cocoa into a cup, add water, stir the contents, and then microwave the cup. Sydney is providing:

What factors spur the development of theory of mind?

A language shift occurs when children become as fluent in their new language as they are in their home language.

Which is an example of scaffolding?

The child who says, "I seed the dog," or "My tooths hurt," is demonstrating a language error called ______.

Explain how code-focused teaching, book reading, parent education, language enhancement, and preschool programs each contribute to children's literacy.

The characteristic of preoperational thought in which a young child thinks that nothing changes is called:

Analyze the roles of the prefrontal cortex and limbic system in the early childhood. What are their functions? How do they differ? What changes occur in a child's behavior as a result of a maturing limbic system and prefrontal cortex?

Myelination is essential for basic communication between neurons.

Overregularization in a child's speech patterns indicates that:

A preschool program that teaches basic skills (precursors to reading, writing, and arithmetic) in order to prepare children to be "ready to learn" when they enter elementary school is called a ______ program.