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Unlike in Brazil or the West Indies, there was little room for a mulatto group in the United States.

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Frederick Douglass argued that:


A) slaves were truer to the principles of the Declaration of Independence than were most white Americans.
B) the United States should adopt a gradual emancipation plan that would eliminate slavery within forty years.
C) free blacks would be better off if they moved to Liberia, where a colony of former American slaves had been founded.
D) blacks should not serve in the U.S. army during the Civil War because of the racial discrimination they faced.
E) free African Americans should "let down their buckets where they were" and accept inequality, at least for a period of time.

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A

Nat Turner was not a particularly religious man.

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Slave traders tried hard to keep slave families together.

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Harriet Tubman:


A) was a mythical character about whom runaway slaves told many stories.
B) led a slave rebellion in Maryland in 1849 that resulted in two dozen deaths.
C) although born free in New York, was kidnapped and made a slave in Louisiana.
D) cleverly escaped from slavery by pretending to be a sickly male slaveowner.
E) was a fugitive slave who risked her life many times to bring others out of slavery.

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From 1840 to 1860, the price of a "prime field hand":


A) rose about 80 percent, which made it harder for southern whites to enter the slaveholding class.
B) rose less than 10 percent, which kept the size of the planter class about the same.
C) declined about 15 percent as the supply of slaves in the internal slave trade increased.
D) became so inexpensive that the slaveholding class grew to include nearly two-thirds of southern whites.
E) declined because labor-intensive agricultural work became less popular in the South.

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Which of the following stories did NOT play a central role in black Christianity?


A) Moses and the exodus from Egypt
B) Noah and the ark
C) David and Goliath
D) Jonah and the whale
E) Daniel and the lion's den

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The Underground Railroad used a system of railways to transport slaves.

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Which of the following statements about slavery and the law is true?


A) Because slaves were property, a master could kill any of his slaves for any reason.
B) Slaves were legally permitted to possess guns if guns were necessary for their work (tasks such as scaring birds away from rice fields, for example) .
C) Laws specifically provided for a slave to be taught to read and write if the master so chose.
D) A slave could, with permission from his or her master, testify against a white person in court.
E) Slaves accused of serious crimes were entitled to their day in court, although they faced all-white judges and juries.

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In the southern slave society, white women on plantations were seen as weak and helpless.

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Which event is credited with helping to ingrain the paternalist ethos more deeply into the lives of southern slaveholders?


A) Nat Turner's Rebellion
B) the nullification crisis
C) the development of domestic ideology
D) the closing of the African slave trade
E) the secession crisis

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Slaves frequently named children after other family members to retain family continuity.

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True

Which of the following is a true statement relative to the Upper South and the Deep South?


A) Committed to slavery, all states in both the Upper South and Deep South seceded from the Union.
B) The Upper South was less economically diversified than the Deep South.
C) Several Upper South states did not join the Confederacy at the time of the Civil War.
D) Neither the Upper South nor the Deep South had major industrial centers.
E) Richmond, Virginia, is considered to be the heart of the Deep South.

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What did the Reverend Charles C. Jones of Georgia NOT do?


A) help improve slave housing
B) help discourage severe punishments for slaves
C) urge an end to slavery
D) organize religious instruction of slaves
E) help improve slave medical care

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C

Who said that the language in the Declaration of Independence-that all men were created equal and entitled to liberty-was "the most false and dangerous of all political errors"?


A) James Madison
B) James G. Birney
C) John C. Calhoun
D) Denmark Vesey
E) Solomon Northup

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Gender roles under slavery:


A) were the same as those that existed in white society.
B) differed from those of white society because men and women alike suffered a sense of powerlessness.
C) greatly differed from those of whites when slaves were able to work on their own; the men took on more women's work and vice versa.
D) meant that slave husbands refused to let their wives work in the fields.
E) were unaffected by the ability of masters to take advantage of female slaves sexually.

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Defenders of American slavery claimed that British emancipation in the 1830s had been a failure because:


A) many newly freed slaves moved to West Africa where they became reenslaved later.
B) of the violence it spawned in the West Indies during the 1840s.
C) many of those freed had moved to the United States where they could obtain only menial jobs.
D) the freed slaves grew less sugarcane, which hurt the economy of the Caribbean.
E) the freed slaves could not take care of themselves and many begged their ex-masters to support them.

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By 1860 the South's most populous city was New Orleans.

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Slave families:


A) were rare because there were too few female slaves.
B) were more common in the West Indies, where living conditions favored their formation and survival.
C) were headed by women more frequently than were white families.
D) usually were able to stay together because most slaveowners were paternalistic.
E) avoided naming children for family members because children so often were sold, and it was better not to build strong kinship ties.

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Which of the following statements about religious life among African-Americans in southern cities is true?


A) Blacks usually worshipped in churches where they sat side-by-side with whites.
B) Urban free blacks sometimes formed their own churches.
C) African-Americans, free and slave, were banned from religious services.
D) Free blacks could worship publicly, but slaves were not permitted to do so.
E) The formation of the Afro-Catholic Church in 1844 was a major development in black Christianity.

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