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Exam 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Life

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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The fact that salt dissolves in water is best explained by the

A) hydrophobic nature of salt.
B) ionic nature of water molecules.
C) slightly charged nature of water molecules.
D) polar nature of water molecules.
E) hydrophobic nature of the water.

Correct Answer

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D

Question 2

Multiple Choice

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The hydrogen bond between two water molecules forms because water is

A) polar.
B) hydrophobic.
C) nonpolar.
D) a large molecule.
E) a small molecule.

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Question 3

Short Answer

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Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of _ .

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of protons.

Imagine that you are trying to make a homemade salad dressing and place several drops of olive oil into a container of water. You stir the solution, but the oil doesn't readily mix. Instead, you observe a glistening clump of oil floating on the surface. Explain what is happening at the molecular level. (Your answer should include the term hydrophobic.)

What is meant by the statement that water has a high specific heat?

The attractive force that holds two or more water molecules together is an example of an ionic bond.

An atom of nitrogen attracts electrons more strongly than an atom of hydrogen. In an ammonia molecule (NH₃) , which of the following best describes the electrical charge of the individual atoms?

Different types of living matter often have different forms of the same elements in their bodies. For example, the nitrogen in an animal often has a slightly different atomic structure than the nitrogen in a plant. Recently, nutriti have discovered how to deduce the diets of various animal species by examining the type of nitrogen (and other elements) inside their bodies. What is the chemical basis behind this scenario?

All animals need oxygen gas (O₂) for their primary cellular- level functioning. Inside the cell, O₂ is split apart into oxygen atoms. Eventually, electrons that are flowing through the cell will be "received" by this oxygen. But f electrons combine with protons present in the cell to form a basic element that has a single proton and a single el Then this element combines with the oxygen to form a certain chemical compound. In this scenario, what chemical compound is produced when this element combines with oxygen?

If you place a feather on the surface of a bowl of water, the feather remains suspended on the surface due to the

Iron is an important element in human body cells. If iron has an atomic number of 26, what does this tell you about this element?

What property of water, in which water molecules stick to each other, is responsible for the ability of plants to get water from their roots up to their leaves?

What determines the cohesiveness of water molecules?

A basilisk lizard can run across the surface of a pond due to a property of water called .

What happens when hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissociates in pure water?

Which of the following is attracted to the hydrogen "end" of a water molecule, as depicted in this figure?

Which of the following represents a molecule characterized by polar covalent bonding?

Polar covalent bonds form when

To maintain a constant pH, buffers act to either accept or release H+.