Question 1

Dehydration synthesis involves the removal of a hydrogen ion and a hydroxyl ion. What happens next?

Accepted Answer

A)   The hydrogen ion becomes an isotope.
B)   The hydrogen and hydroxyl ions combine to form water.
C)   A polysaccharide is released from a monosaccharide.
D)   A large polymer is split apart into small monomers.

Question 2

Functional groups determine the characteristics and chemical reactivity of organic molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The specific function of a protein is determined by the

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrophilic head attached to the hydrophobic tail.
B)   exact sequence of amino acids.
C)   number of peptide bonds it contains.
D)   number of disulfide bonds.
E)   fatty acids that are joined together in the polypeptide.

Question 4

What property of phospholipids makes them important in cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are part of DNA.
B)   They are found only in animals.
C)   They contain nucleic acids.
D)   They have a polar end and a nonpolar end.
E)   They are an important energy carrier molecule.

Question 5

Imagine that you have isolated a mysterious liquid from a sample of food. You add the liquid to a beaker of water and shake vigorously. After a few minutes, the water and the other liquid separate into two layers. To which class of biological molecules does the unknown liquid most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carbohydrates
B)   Enzymes
C)   Nucleic acids
D)   Lipids
E)   Proteins

Question 6

The fat substitute Olestra contains a sucrose backbone with six to eight fatty acids attached. How is this different from a naturally occurring fat?

Accepted Answer

A)   Naturally occurring fats contain a glycerol and three fatty acids.
B)   It isn't; Olestra and natural fats have the same structure, just different tastes.
C)   Naturally occurring fats contain a sucrose backbone and three fatty acid chains.
D)   Naturally occurring fats contain a glycerol, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group.

Question 7

Prions are known to cause

Accepted Answer

A)   herpes.
B)   mad cow disease.
C)   sickle cell anemia.
D)   the common cold.

Question 8

New government regulations require that foods containing trans fats be labeled appropriately. A trans fat is formed when food manufacturers turn liquid oils into solid fats by adding hydrogen to vegetable oils. This hydrogenation process produces a solid fat because adding the hydrogen

Accepted Answer

A)   allows the fatty acid chains to pack together more tightly.
B)   allows fats to form tertiary and quaternary structures.
C)   forms a wax molecule.
D)   causes a phospholipid to form.

Question 9

Which molecule is a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A)   Glucose
B)   Lactose
C)   Water
D)   Fructose

Question 10

An example of a structural polysaccharide is

Accepted Answer

A)   glycogen.
B)   glucose.
C)   starch.
D)   cellulose.
E)   maltose.

Question 11

Important biological molecules that have a carbon backbone bonded to hydrogen atoms are considered to be
.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Important biological molecules that have a carbon...

Question 12

The group of biological molecules that are most diverse in function is

Accepted Answer

A)   lipids.
B)   carbohydrates.
C)   proteins.
D)   nucleic acids.

Question 13

All of the following lipids or lipid components are hydrophobic EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   unsaturated fats.
B)   fatty acid tails.
C)   fatty acid heads.
D)   waxes.
E)   saturated fats.

Question 14

Which type of lipid is most important in biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Wax
B)   Fat
C)   Phospholipid
D)   Steroid
E)   Oil

Question 15

Fatty acids that contain double- bonded carbon atoms are called .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fatty acids that contain double- bonded carbon...

Question 16

Which of the following categories includes monosaccharide monomers?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nucleic acids
B)   Carbohydrates
C)   Lipids
D)   Proteins

Question 17

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)  is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   protein.
B)   carbohydrate.
C)   nucleotide.
D)   lipid.
E)   inorganic molecule.

Question 18

As shown in this figure, the top triglyceride (a)  has , whereas the bottom triglyceride (b)  has _.

Accepted Answer

A)   no double bonds and is saturated; double and/or triple bonds and is unsaturated
B)   double bonds and is saturated; no double and/or triple bonds and is unsaturated
C)   no double bonds and is unsaturated; double and/or triple bonds and is saturated
D)   double bonds and is unsaturated; no double and/or triple bonds and is saturated

Question 19

Suppose you have discovered a new virus and have isolated its nucleic acids. What feature could you look for to determine whether the nucleic acids of this virus are RNA or DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   If it is RNA, there will be no adenine.
B)   If is RNA, it will contain deoxyribose.
C)   If it is RNA, it will contain ribose.
D)   If it is DNA, the virus will not contain proteins.

Question 20

Lard is a solid fat at room temperature. What does this tell you about the triglycerides in lard?

Accepted Answer

A)   The fats in lard are mostly phospholipids.
B)   Lard is composed of unsaturated fats.
C)   The fats in lard are not organic molecules.
D)   Lard is composed of saturated fats.

Exam 3: Biological Molecules

Which molecule is a disaccharide?

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Which type of lipid is most important in biological membranes?

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As shown in this figure, the top triglyceride (a) has , whereas the bottom triglyceride (b) has _.

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The group of biological molecules that are most diverse in function is

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The specific function of a protein is determined by the

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Fatty acids that contain double- bonded carbon atoms are called .

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Dehydration synthesis involves the removal of a hydrogen ion and a hydroxyl ion. What happens next?

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All of the following lipids or lipid components are hydrophobic EXCEPT

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Functional groups determine the characteristics and chemical reactivity of organic molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fat substitute Olestra contains a sucrose backbone with six to eight fatty acids attached. How is this different from a naturally occurring fat?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose you have discovered a new virus and have isolated its nucleic acids. What feature could you look for to determine whether the nucleic acids of this virus are RNA or DNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lard is a solid fat at room temperature. What does this tell you about the triglycerides in lard?

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Which of the following categories includes monosaccharide monomers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an example of a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

New government regulations require that foods containing trans fats be labeled appropriately. A trans fat is formed when food manufacturers turn liquid oils into solid fats by adding hydrogen to vegetable oils. This hydrogenation process produces a solid fat because adding the hydrogen

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prions are known to cause

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine that you have isolated a mysterious liquid from a sample of food. You add the liquid to a beaker of water and shake vigorously. After a few minutes, the water and the other liquid separate into two layers. To which class of biological molecules does the unknown liquid most likely belong?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What property of phospholipids makes them important in cell membranes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of a structural polysaccharide is

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Important biological molecules that have a carbon backbone bonded to hydrogen atoms are considered to be .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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