Question 1

Lexi has sustained damage to her frontal eye field. She might have difficulty with what aspect of attention?

Accepted Answer

A)   alerting
B)   orienting
C)   executive control
D)   spotlight strength

Question 2

Attention is necessary for

Accepted Answer

A)   eye movements.
B)   perception.
C)   conscious perception.
D)   working-memory capacity.

Question 3

The available data from patients with brain damage to circuits controlling attention indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)   the brain mechanisms controlling attention are inseparable from the brain mechanisms directly involved in perception.
B)   multiple brain mechanisms are responsible for the control of attention.
C)   a single mechanism governs the ability to disengage attention from its current focus and the ability to lock into a new attention focus.
D)   the mechanisms controlling attention differ from one individual to the next.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is NOT true of executive control?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is used to keep current goals active.
B)   It inhibits distracting thoughts.
C)   It seems to rely on the prefrontal cortex
D)   It underlies habitual responding but not goal-directed behaviors.

Question 5

Attention is limited in many ways. Which of the following statements is FALSE about attentional limits?

Accepted Answer

A)   Attention is limited spatially.
B)   You can divide attention if the tasks are very similar.
C)   Attention cannot be divided among similar stimuli.
D)   Expectation can influence attention.

Question 6

If a participant is asked to perform two activities at the same time, performance will be improved if

Accepted Answer

A)   the two activities are highly dissimilar, drawing on different task-specific resources.
B)   the two activities are highly similar, drawing on the same task-specific resources.
C)   both activities require large amounts of task-general resources.
D)   neither activity involves verbal processing.

Question 7

The task of shadowing involves

Accepted Answer

A)   immediately repeating, word for word, the contents of a message.
B)   drawing the mirror image of a simple sketch.
C)   copying the movements of a target individual.
D)   repeating back, from memory, a message heard some minutes earlier.

Question 8

When engaged in a ________ search, set size does not matter. However, when engaged in a ________ search, set size has an impact on performance.

Accepted Answer

A)   combination; feature
B)   top-down; feature
C)   feature; combination
D)   feature; spatial

Question 9

The evidence from unilateral neglect patients and patients with normal attentional abilities suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   space-based attention is more important than object-based attention.
B)   object-based attention is more important than space-based attention.
C)   both space- and object-based attention are important in attention.
D)   attention is a perfect cognitive system.

Question 10

Executive control is likely engaged in all of the following situations EXCEPT when one

Accepted Answer

A)   wants to avoid a habitual response.
B)   is working on "auto-pilot."
C)   is startled.
D)   wants to focus on a specific task and avoid distractions.

Question 11

Participants are asked to listen to a tape-recorded message and to shadow the message as they hear it. Which of the following tasks will be easiest to combine with this shadowing task?

Accepted Answer

A)   viewing a series of printed words, followed by a test measuring memory for the words
B)   simultaneously hearing a tape-recorded message, followed by a test measuring memory for the gist of the second message
C)   simultaneously hearing a tape-recorded list of words, followed by a test measuring memory for the word list
D)   viewing a series of pictures, followed by a test measuring memory for the pictures

Question 12

There is a cost to expectation-based priming, revealed by the fact that priming the wrong detector leads to slower responding. That is, getting prepared for one target seems to hinder performance for other targets. What does this finding reveal about selective attention?

Accepted Answer

A)   Selective attention is a limited-capacity system.
B)   Selective attention is an unlimited-capacity system.
C)   Expectation-based priming is more effective than stimulus-based priming.
D)   The cost of priming is inevitable.

Question 13

Patients with unilateral neglect ignore one side of their visual field. This problem illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   object-based perception.
B)   space-based perception.
C)   memory for objects.
D)   paying attention to objects.

Question 14

The idea of a "cognitive budget" is used several times in this chapter. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the "cognitive budget"?

Accepted Answer

A)   One can only perform multiple tasks if the sum of the tasks' demands do not exceed the budget.
B)   The budget can increase through practice.
C)   Tasks may require fewer resources after practice.
D)   The budget contains task-specific and task-general resources.

Question 15

The frontal lobe does NOT contain neural areas responsible for

Accepted Answer

A)   orienting.
B)   alerting.
C)   executive control.
D)   shape processing.

Question 16

Which of the following systems is responsible for achieving and maintaining an alert state in the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)   orienting
B)   alerting
C)   executive
D)   vigilant

Question 17

Compare and contrast inattentional blindness and change blindness. Provide a real-life example of each process.

Accepted Answer

Inattentional blindness and change blind...

Question 18

A participant who has just participated in an experiment involving dichotic listening is LEAST likely to remember

Accepted Answer

A)   whether input in the unattended channel was spoken by a male or a female.
B)   whether the unattended channel contained nonspeech noises or speech.
C)   how loud the signal of the attended channel was.
D)   the meaning of the words presented on the unattended channel.

Question 19

Stroop interference demonstrates that

Accepted Answer

A)   word reading is automatized.
B)   the identification of a stimulus requires few resources.
C)   practice with a color-naming task leads to automaticity.
D)   automatic tasks do not exist.

Question 20

An experienced driver can drive while holding a relatively complex conversation. This combination of activities is difficult, however, for a novice driver. Which of the following explanations most likely explains the difference?

Accepted Answer

A)   The two activities are very different, so the task combination creates no problems with channel segregation.
B)   Practicing a task leads to a decline in the resource demands for that task.
C)   The two activities are very different, so they rely on different sets of task-specific resources.
D)   Practicing the tasks improves confidence in the task.

Exam 5: Paying Attention

Attention is limited in many ways. Which of the following statements is FALSE about attentional limits?

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The frontal lobe does NOT contain neural areas responsible for

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Attention is necessary for

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A participant who has just participated in an experiment involving dichotic listening is LEAST likely to remember

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Patients with unilateral neglect ignore one side of their visual field. This problem illustrates the importance of

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Which of the following systems is responsible for achieving and maintaining an alert state in the brain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a participant is asked to perform two activities at the same time, performance will be improved if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Executive control is likely engaged in all of the following situations EXCEPT when one

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea of a "cognitive budget" is used several times in this chapter. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the "cognitive budget"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The evidence from unilateral neglect patients and patients with normal attentional abilities suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare and contrast inattentional blindness and change blindness. Provide a real-life example of each process.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIInattentional blindness and change blind...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following statements is NOT true of executive control?

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Stroop interference demonstrates that

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An experienced driver can drive while holding a relatively complex conversation. This combination of activities is difficult, however, for a novice driver. Which of the following explanations most likely explains the difference?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lexi has sustained damage to her frontal eye field. She might have difficulty with what aspect of attention?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The available data from patients with brain damage to circuits controlling attention indicate that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Participants are asked to listen to a tape-recorded message and to shadow the message as they hear it. Which of the following tasks will be easiest to combine with this shadowing task?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The task of shadowing involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There is a cost to expectation-based priming, revealed by the fact that priming the wrong detector leads to slower responding. That is, getting prepared for one target seems to hinder performance for other targets. What does this finding reveal about selective attention?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When engaged in a ________ search, set size does not matter. However, when engaged in a ________ search, set size has an impact on performance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Answered by ExamLex AI
Inattentional blindness and change blind...
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When engaged in a search, set size does not matter. However, when engaged in a search, set size has an impact on performance.

Correct Answer
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