Exam 3: The Foundation of Indian Society, to 300 Ce

A) started by a migratory people.
B) ruled by a power king or queen.
C) not typically in contact with outsiders.
D) well-planned.

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A) Indian religion whose followers consider all life sacred and avoid destroying other life.
B) Buddhas-to-be who stayed in the world after enlightenment to help others on the path to salvation.
C) The eight-step code of conduct set forth by the Buddha in his first sermon, beginning with "right conduct" and ending with "right contemplation."
D) The first Indian empire founded by Chandragupta.
E) The transmigration of souls by a continual process of rebirth.
F) The codification of early Indian law that lays down family, caste, and commercial law.
G) The tally of good and bad deeds that determines the status of an individual's next life.
H) The dominant people in north India after the decline of the Indus Valley civilization; they spoke an early form of Sanskrit.
I) The unchanging ultimate reality, according to the Upanishads.
J) The first Indian civilization; also known as the Indus Valley civilization.
K) The earliest collection of Indian hymns, ritual texts, and philosophical treatises, it is the central source of information on early Aryans.
L) The Buddha's message that pain and suffering are inescapable parts of life; suffering and anxiety are caused by human desires and attachments; people can understand and triumph over these weaknesses; and the triumph is made possible by following a simple code of conduct.
M) The "Great Vehicle," a tradition of Buddhism that aspires to be more inclusive.
N) Priests of the Aryans; they supported the growth of royal power in return for royal confirmation of their own religious rights, power, and status.
O) The Sanskrit word for moral law, central to both Buddhist and Hindu teachings.
P) The Indian system of dividing society into hereditary groups whose members interacted primarily within the group, and especially married within the group.

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A) Women who belonged to the lowest caste
B) Outsiders who were considered "impure"
C) The nobility
D) Child slaves

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A) Fertile plains in the river valleys
B) Forests at the foot of the Himalayas
C) Deserts of the Rajasthan regions
D) Jungles of the Vindhya Mountains

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A) Human reincarnation as a lower animal
B) A cleansing fire ritual for women after childbirth
C) Release from the wheel of life and freedom from reincarnation
D) The cosmic tally of one's deeds

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A) Personal liberty
B) Gender equality
C) Democracy
D) Nonviolence

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A) Indian religion whose followers consider all life sacred and avoid destroying other life.
B) Buddhas-to-be who stayed in the world after enlightenment to help others on the path to salvation.
C) The eight-step code of conduct set forth by the Buddha in his first sermon, beginning with "right conduct" and ending with "right contemplation."
D) The first Indian empire founded by Chandragupta.
E) The transmigration of souls by a continual process of rebirth.
F) The codification of early Indian law that lays down family, caste, and commercial law.
G) The tally of good and bad deeds that determines the status of an individual's next life.
H) The dominant people in north India after the decline of the Indus Valley civilization; they spoke an early form of Sanskrit.
I) The unchanging ultimate reality, according to the Upanishads.
J) The first Indian civilization; also known as the Indus Valley civilization.
K) The earliest collection of Indian hymns, ritual texts, and philosophical treatises, it is the central source of information on early Aryans.
L) The Buddha's message that pain and suffering are inescapable parts of life; suffering and anxiety are caused by human desires and attachments; people can understand and triumph over these weaknesses; and the triumph is made possible by following a simple code of conduct.
M) The "Great Vehicle," a tradition of Buddhism that aspires to be more inclusive.
N) Priests of the Aryans; they supported the growth of royal power in return for royal confirmation of their own religious rights, power, and status.
O) The Sanskrit word for moral law, central to both Buddhist and Hindu teachings.
P) The Indian system of dividing society into hereditary groups whose members interacted primarily within the group, and especially married within the group.

Correct Answer

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A) Indian religion whose followers consider all life sacred and avoid destroying other life.
B) Buddhas-to-be who stayed in the world after enlightenment to help others on the path to salvation.
C) The eight-step code of conduct set forth by the Buddha in his first sermon, beginning with "right conduct" and ending with "right contemplation."
D) The first Indian empire founded by Chandragupta.
E) The transmigration of souls by a continual process of rebirth.
F) The codification of early Indian law that lays down family, caste, and commercial law.
G) The tally of good and bad deeds that determines the status of an individual's next life.
H) The dominant people in north India after the decline of the Indus Valley civilization; they spoke an early form of Sanskrit.
I) The unchanging ultimate reality, according to the Upanishads.
J) The first Indian civilization; also known as the Indus Valley civilization.
K) The earliest collection of Indian hymns, ritual texts, and philosophical treatises, it is the central source of information on early Aryans.
L) The Buddha's message that pain and suffering are inescapable parts of life; suffering and anxiety are caused by human desires and attachments; people can understand and triumph over these weaknesses; and the triumph is made possible by following a simple code of conduct.
M) The "Great Vehicle," a tradition of Buddhism that aspires to be more inclusive.
N) Priests of the Aryans; they supported the growth of royal power in return for royal confirmation of their own religious rights, power, and status.
O) The Sanskrit word for moral law, central to both Buddhist and Hindu teachings.
P) The Indian system of dividing society into hereditary groups whose members interacted primarily within the group, and especially married within the group.

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A) It consisted of only four hundred letters.
B) It was very similar to Sumerian cuneiform.
C) No one has yet deciphered it.
D) It was written on papyrus and silk.

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A) Alexander the Great's conquest brought knowledge of the Mediterranean world.
B) As the Persian Empire expanded, it made territorial conquests in the Indus Valley.
C) Great expansion of overseas trade by Indian merchants and a new merchant fleet led to outside contact.
D) Significant technological improvements in sailing led to greater communication and travel.

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A) The Sutras
B) Rig Veda
C) Ramayana
D) Bhagavad Gita

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A) The close-knit nature of the dwellings
B) The narrow passageways between structure
C) The absence of a large temple or palace
D) The relatively small size of the settlement

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A) Brahmins
B) Jains
C) Buddhas
D) Shudras

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A) They had already achieved enlightenment.
B) They were descendants of the Buddha himself.
C) They were once Brahmin priests before converting.
D) They could recite the most prayers from memory.

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A) They were the native people of the Ganges Valley.
B) They were a warrior people who destroyed the Indus civilization.
C) They put an end to the strict Harappan caste system.
D) They spoke an Indo-European language.

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