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Authoritative parents are likely to have children who


A) are obedient but have low self-esteem.
B) have high self-esteem and are self-reliant.
C) have high self-esteem but are somewhat dependent.
D) are rebellious and have low self-esteem.

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Deficient social interaction and an impaired understanding of others' states of mind is most characteristic of


A) autism.
B) menarche.
C) crystallized intelligence.
D) object permanence.

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Horace,the youngest child of a high school athletic director,was able to roll over at 3 months,crawl at 6 months,and walk at 12 months. This ordered sequence of motor development was largely due to


A) authoritarian parenting.
B) maturation.
C) responsive parenting.
D) imprinting.

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A critical period is a phase during which


A) children frequently disobey and resist their parents.
B) children become able to think hypothetically and reason abstractly.
C) parents frequently show impatience with a child's slowness in becoming toilet trained.
D) certain events have a particularly strong impact on development.

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According to Piaget,the ability to think logically about abstract propositions is indicative of the stage of


A) preoperational thought.
B) concrete operations.
C) formal operations.
D) fluid intelligence.

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Four-year-old Jennifer mistakenly believes that her mother would like to receive a toy doll as a Christmas present. This best illustrates Piaget's concept of


A) accommodation.
B) object permanence.
C) conservation.
D) egocentrism.

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I am 14 months old and fearful of strangers. I am in Piaget's ________ stage of cognitive development.


A) sensorimotor
B) preoperational
C) concrete operational
D) formal operational

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In a 1998 movie,a young girl finds that a flock of geese follows her wherever she goes because she was the first "object" they saw after they were born. This is an example of


A) conservation.
B) imprinting.
C) egocentrism.
D) basic trust.

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The association areas are the last cortical areas to fully develop their


A) schemas.
B) pruning.
C) neural networks.
D) egocentrism.

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If children cannot grasp the principle of conservation,they are unable to


A) deal with the discipline of toilet training.
B) see things from the point of view of another person.
C) recognize that the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in its shape.
D) retain earlier schemas when confronted by new experiences.

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When people with autism watch another person's hand movements,they display less ________ than most others.


A) infantile amnesia
B) egocentrism
C) mirror neuron activity
D) stranger anxiety

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According to Piaget,during the formal operational stage people begin to


A) reason abstractly.
B) adhere to social norms.
C) distinguish between good and bad behaviors.
D) become aware of the positive and negative consequences of their own behaviors.

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Evidence that easy,relaxed infants develop secure attachments more readily than difficult,emotionally intense babies would illustrate the importance of


A) egocentrism.
B) temperament.
C) conservation.
D) object permanence.

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In Piaget's theory,conservation is to egocentrism as the ________ stage is to the ________ stage.


A) sensorimotor; formal operational
B) formal operational; sensorimotor
C) preoperational; sensorimotor
D) concrete operational; preoperational

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Four-year-old Jamail has a younger sister. When asked if he has a sister,he is likely to answer ________; when asked if his sister has a brother,Jamail is likely to answer ________.


A) yes; yes
B) no; no
C) yes; no
D) no; yes

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Compared with authoritarian parents,authoritative parents are likely to be


A) more conservative.
B) less educated.
C) more responsive.
D) less trusting.

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According to Piaget,egocentrism refers to


A) a sensorimotor need for self-stimulation,as evidenced in thumb sucking.
B) young children's exaggerated interest in themselves and their own pleasure.
C) the difficulty perceiving things from another person's point of view.
D) the difficulty realizing that things continue to exist even when they are not visible.

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Maturation refers to


A) the acquisition of socially acceptable behaviors.
B) biological growth processes that are relatively uninfluenced by experience.
C) any learned behavior patterns that accompany personal growth and development.
D) cognitive development during the preoperational stage.

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Five-year-olds who were surprised to discover that a Band-Aids box contained pencils were able to anticipate their friend's false belief about the contents of the box. This best illustrates that the children had developed a


A) secure attachment.
B) sense of object permanence.
C) theory of mind.
D) concept of conservation.

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According to Piaget,the ability to think logically about events first develops during the ________ stage.


A) sensorimotor
B) normal operational
C) concrete operational
D) preoperational

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