Question 1

In the circulatory system, the largest pressure drop occurs across which blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

A)  arterioles
B)  venules
C)  arteries
D)  veins
E)  capillaries

Question 2

Which of the following structures contains high pressure baroreceptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  aortic arch only
B)  carotid sinus only
C)  right atrium only
D)  both the aortic arch and carotid sinus
E)  aortic arch, right atrium, and carotid sinus

Question 3

Precapillary sphincters are controlled by local metabolites and the sympathetic nervous system, but not epinephrine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following is a decrease in tissue oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  ischemia
B)  myogenic response
C)  active hyperemia
D)  reactive hyperemia
E)  hypoxia

Question 5

Fenestrated capillaries are unique in their ability to

Accepted Answer

A)  restrict the passage of proteins across endothelial cells.
B)  maintain a low permeability to small water- soluble molecules.
C)  allow few molecules to pass between endothelial cells.
D)  allow relatively large molecules to pass between endothelial cells.
E)  move molecules across endothelial cells by transcytosis.

Question 6

What is the purpose of extrinsic control of arteriolar smooth muscle contractile activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  regulate heart rate
B)  regulate cardiac output
C)  regulate stroke volume
D)  regulate blood flow through specific capillary beds
E)  regulate mean arterial pressure

Question 7

Oxygen has what effect on systemic arterioles?

Accepted Answer

A)  vasoconstriction and vasospasm
B)  vasospasm
C)  vasoconstriction
D)  neither vasodilation or vasoconstriction, but may cause vasospasm
E)  vasodilation

Question 8

The respiratory pump facilitates the return of blood to the heart by

Accepted Answer

A)  decreasing the pressure gradient between abdominal and thoracic veins during inspiration.
B)  squeezing blood from the rhythmic contraction of the diaphragm muscle.
C)  raising the pressure gradient between abdominal and thoracic veins during inspiration.
D)  decreasing the pressure gradient between abdominal and thoracic veins during expiration.
E)  raising the pressure gradient between abdominal and thoracic veins during expiration.

Question 9

What is a decrease in blood flow that is less than what is necessary to keep up with metabolic demands called?

Accepted Answer

A)  ischemia
B)  hyperemia
C)  hypoxia
D)  infarction
E)  hypoxemia

Question 10

What is an increase in blood flow in response to an increase in tissue metabolic activity called?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypoxia
B)  active hyperemia
C)  ischemia
D)  reactive hyperemia
E)  hyperoxia

Question 11

Arteriolar smooth muscle in which of the following tissues tends to have beta2 receptors predominating?

Accepted Answer

A)  brain
B)  skeletal muscle
C)  gastrointestinal tract
D)  skin
E)  liver

Question 12

Which of the following has high compliance, allowing it to hold a large volume of blood with little change in pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  artery
B)  arteriole
C)  venule
D)  capillary
E)  vein

Question 13

Drugs that block angiotensin- converting enzyme would cause which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulation of reactive hyperemia
B)  decreased heart rate
C)  activation of the parasympathetic nervous system
D)  decrease in epinephrine release
E)  decreased mean arterial pressure

Question 14

Where is the cardiovascular control center?

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenal cortex
B)  medulla oblongata
C)  pons
D)  hypothalamus
E)  adrenal medulla

Question 15

Parasympathetic nervous activity has what effect on systemic arterioles?

Accepted Answer

A)  vasodilation
B)  vasospasm
C)  neither vasoconstriction and vasodilation
D)  neither vasodilation or vasoconstriction, but may cause vasospasm
E)  vasoconstriction

Question 16

A person goes to the doctor and is told his blood pressure is 90/60 and his pulse is 80. Which of the following is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diastolic pressure is 60.
B)  Pulse pressure is 80 mm Hg.
C)  Systolic pressure is 90 mm Hg.
D)  Heart rate is 80.
E)  Mean arterial pressure is 70 mm Hg.

Question 17

Arterial baroreceptors are located in the left ventricle and aorta.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Blood flow through the systemic circulation is intermittent, flowing during systole and pausing during diastole.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Flow through the pulmonary circuit is less than that through the systemic circuit due to a smaller pressure gradient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The smaller blood vessels, which include arterioles, capillaries, and venules, have unique functions. Identify the functions of each of the smaller blood vessels.

Accepted Answer

Arterioles are an integral part of the m...

Exam 14: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

Flow through the pulmonary circuit is less than that through the systemic circuit due to a smaller pressure gradient.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The smaller blood vessels, which include arterioles, capillaries, and venules, have unique functions. Identify the functions of each of the smaller blood vessels.

Correct AnswerverifiedArterioles are an integral part of the m...View AnswerShow Answer

Parasympathetic nervous activity has what effect on systemic arterioles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a decrease in blood flow that is less than what is necessary to keep up with metabolic demands called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person goes to the doctor and is told his blood pressure is 90/60 and his pulse is 80. Which of the following is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is an increase in blood flow in response to an increase in tissue metabolic activity called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood flow through the systemic circulation is intermittent, flowing during systole and pausing during diastole.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the circulatory system, the largest pressure drop occurs across which blood vessels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following has high compliance, allowing it to hold a large volume of blood with little change in pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where is the cardiovascular control center?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The respiratory pump facilitates the return of blood to the heart by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following structures contains high pressure baroreceptors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Precapillary sphincters are controlled by local metabolites and the sympathetic nervous system, but not epinephrine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Arterial baroreceptors are located in the left ventricle and aorta.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a decrease in tissue oxygen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drugs that block angiotensin- converting enzyme would cause which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Arteriolar smooth muscle in which of the following tissues tends to have beta2 receptors predominating?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the purpose of extrinsic control of arteriolar smooth muscle contractile activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxygen has what effect on systemic arterioles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fenestrated capillaries are unique in their ability to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Arterioles are an integral part of the m...
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