Question 1

Which of the following has high compliance, allowing it to hold a large volume of blood with little change in pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   arteriole
B)   capillary
C)   venule
D)   vein
E)   artery

Question 2

In the circulatory system, the largest pressure drop occurs across which blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

A)   venules
B)   veins
C)   arterioles
D)   arteries
E)   capillaries

Question 3

What is the equation relating flow to resistance and a pressure gradient?

Accepted Answer

A)   flow × resistance = 1/pressure gradient
B)   flow/resistance = 1/pressure gradient
C)   flow × resistance = pressure × gradient
D)   flow = pressure gradient / resistance
E)   flow = pressure × resistance

Question 4

Both short -and long -term regulation of mean arterial pressure is mediated through the release of hormones. Describe the hormones discussed in Chapter 14 that are involved in the regulation of mean arterial pressure and how they are able to stimulate an increase in mean arterial pressure.

Accepted Answer

There are three hormones that play an im...

Question 5

What are local controls that tend to keep blood flow constant called?

Accepted Answer

A)   flow autoregulation
B)   autonomics
C)   osteogenic factors
D)   extrinsic factors
E)   flow telemetry

Question 6

A decrease in pressure within an arteriole will initiate a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   arterial baroreceptor reflex.
B)   active hyperemia.
C)   sinus arrhythmia.
D)   myogenic response.
E)   cardiac and venous baroreceptor reflex.

Question 7

What is an increase in blood flow in response to an increase in tissue metabolic activity called?

Accepted Answer

A)   ischemia
B)   hypoxia
C)   reactive hyperemia
D)   active hyperemia
E)   hyperoxia

Question 8

Increases in capillary hydrostatic pressure will lead to a(n) (increase / decrease) in the amount of fluid filtered by the capillaries.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Increases in capillary hydrostatic pressure will lead...

Question 9

Increases in capillary osmotic pressure will lead to a(n) (increase / decrease) in the amount of fluid filtered by the capillaries.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Increases in capillary osmotic pressure will lead...

Question 10

An increase in the concentration of which of the following within the interstitial space surrounding an arteriole would cause that vessel to constrict?

Accepted Answer

A)   prostacyclin
B)   nitric oxide
C)   oxygen
D)   adenosine
E)   lactic acid

Question 11

The smaller blood vessels, which include arterioles, capillaries, and venules, have unique functions. Identify the functions of each of the smaller blood vessels.

Accepted Answer

Arterioles are an integral part of the m...

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism that enables molecules to move across capillary endothelial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   diffusion of lipid -soluble molecules directly across the endothelial cell
B)   movement of exchangeable proteins across endothelial cells
C)   rapid diffusion of water -soluble molecules directly across the endothelial cells
D)   movement through water -filled gaps between endothelial cells
E)   transcytosis across endothelial cells

Question 13

Which of the following would cause relaxation of precapillary sphincters?

Accepted Answer

A)   epinephrine
B)   carbon dioxide
C)   sympathetic activity
D)   vasopressin
E)   parasympathetic activity

Question 14

Under normal conditions, which Starling forces favor filtration?

Accepted Answer

A)   interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure and plasma oncotic pressure
B)   capillary hydrostatic pressure and plasma oncotic pressure
C)   interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure and interstitial fluid osmotic pressure
D)   capillary hydrostatic pressure and interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure
E)   capillary hydrostatic pressure and interstitial fluid osmotic pressure

Question 15

Which of the following statements about smooth muscle in arterioles is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Muscle contraction is under intrinsic controls.
B)   The muscle is multi -unit smooth muscle.
C)   The muscle has inherent (myogenic)  tone.
D)   Muscle contraction is under extrinsic controls.
E)   The muscle forms rings around the arteriole.

Question 16

The total cross -sectional area is greatest in which blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

A)   capillaries
B)   venules
C)   arterioles
D)   arteries
E)   veins

Question 17

________describes the movement of fluid out of the capillary, while________describes the movement of fluid into the capillary.
Movement of fluid into the capillary.

Accepted Answer

A)   Filtration : absorption
B)   Absorption : filtration
C)   Venous pooling : edema
D)   Hydrostatic pressure : oncotic pressure
E)   Edema : venous pooling

Question 18

Which of the following substances is continuously secreted by endothelial cells and causes vasodilation?

Accepted Answer

A)   oxygen
B)   bradykinin
C)   endothelin -1
D)   adenosine
E)   nitric oxide

Question 19

Which of the following is an incorrect description of a blood vessel type?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most of the blood volume at rest is in the systemic veins.
B)   The radius of arterioles can be regulated by both intrinsic and extrinsic controls.
C)   Arteries are elastic.
D)   Veins have high compliance.
E)   Capillary walls are comprised of only two cell layers, minimizing the distance for exchange.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a component of the microcirculation?

Accepted Answer

A)   metarterioles
B)   arterioles
C)   venules
D)   veins
E)   capillaries

Exam 14: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

Under normal conditions, which Starling forces favor filtration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism that enables molecules to move across capillary endothelial cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The smaller blood vessels, which include arterioles, capillaries, and venules, have unique functions. Identify the functions of each of the smaller blood vessels.

Correct AnswerverifiedArterioles are an integral part of the m...View AnswerShow Answer

In the circulatory system, the largest pressure drop occurs across which blood vessels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a component of the microcirculation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An increase in the concentration of which of the following within the interstitial space surrounding an arteriole would cause that vessel to constrict?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the equation relating flow to resistance and a pressure gradient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are local controls that tend to keep blood flow constant called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increases in capillary hydrostatic pressure will lead to a(n) (increase / decrease) in the amount of fluid filtered by the capillaries.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following has high compliance, allowing it to hold a large volume of blood with little change in pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about smooth muscle in arterioles is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an incorrect description of a blood vessel type?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________describes the movement of fluid out of the capillary, while________describes the movement of fluid into the capillary. Movement of fluid into the capillary.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increases in capillary osmotic pressure will lead to a(n) (increase / decrease) in the amount of fluid filtered by the capillaries.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both short -and long -term regulation of mean arterial pressure is mediated through the release of hormones. Describe the hormones discussed in Chapter 14 that are involved in the regulation of mean arterial pressure and how they are able to stimulate an increase in mean arterial pressure.

Correct AnswerverifiedThere are three hormones that play an im...View AnswerShow Answer

A decrease in pressure within an arteriole will initiate a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following substances is continuously secreted by endothelial cells and causes vasodilation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The total cross -sectional area is greatest in which blood vessels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is an increase in blood flow in response to an increase in tissue metabolic activity called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would cause relaxation of precapillary sphincters?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Arterioles are an integral part of the m...
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describes the movement of fluid out of the capillary, whiledescribes the movement of fluid into the capillary. Movement of fluid into the capillary.

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There are three hormones that play an im...
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