Question 1

Benedict's reagent is a chemical that is used as a test for the presence of a free aldehyde functional group on glucose.The aldehyde is used when glucose and fructose bind together to form sucrose, and the Benedict's test is negative.Starch contains a great deal of glucose but gives a negative Benedict's test because:

Accepted Answer

A)  all of the aldehyde groups on the starch are oxidized and cannot react with the Benedict's reagent.
B)  glucose in starch has lost a carbon atom and cannot react with Benedict's reagent.
C)  only the glucose at the end of a chain of starch will have an exposed aldehyde functional group to react with Benedict's reagent.
D)  starch is not soluble in water and cannot react with Benedict's reagent.

Question 2

Humans are unable to get metabolic energy from cellulose because:

Accepted Answer

A)  cellulose contains very little chemical energy.
B)  cellulose is not part of a normal diet.
C)  cellulose digesting enzymes are absent from the human gut.
D)  cellulose does not taste good.

Question 3

A phosphorus shortage in soil would make it difficult for plants to produce:

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA
B)  starch
C)  amylose
D)  cellulose

Question 4

DNA and RNA contain functional units known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  peptides.
B)  enzymes.
C)  amino acids.
D)  nucleotides.

Question 5

A DNA molecule containing 32% thymine would contain how much cytosine?

Accepted Answer

A)  18%
B)  32%
C)  36%
D)  64%

Question 6

At the pH of most bodily fluids, which functional group will lose a proton and which functional group will accept a proton?

Accepted Answer

A)  sulfhydryl; carbonyl
B)  Hydroxyl; amino
C)  amino; carboxyl
D)  carboxyl; amino

Question 7

A nucleic acid contains uracil, allowing you to conclude that:

Accepted Answer

A)  this nucleic acid is DNA.
B)  this nucleic acid is RNA.
C)  this nucleic acid could be either DNA or RNA.

Question 8

Margarine is made by hydrogenating vegetable oils so that they take on the consistency of butter.Propose a chemical basis for this change from a liquid to a solid.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogenation of fats changes them from saturated to unsaturated, which are more solid.
B)  Trans-fatty acids are changed from unsaturated to saturated, allowing them to solidify.
C)  Trans fatty acids are changed from saturated to unsaturated, allowing them to solidify.
D)  Hydrogenation of fats changes them from unsaturated to saturated, which are more solid.

Question 9

Amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds in a ____

Accepted Answer

A)  starch.
B)  polypeptide.
C)  polysaccharide.
D)  nucleic acid.

Question 10

The specific amino acid sequence of a protein is its ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary structure
B)  secondary structure
C)  tertiary structure
D)  quaternary structure

Question 11

Luke sprained his ankle, tearing some of the collagen protein that forms his ligaments.Some types of collagen consist of three polypeptide chains twisted together to form a rope-like strand.What level of protein structure does this rope-like strand represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary
B)  Secondary
C)  Tertiary
D)  Quaternary

Question 12

This is a nucleotide containing molecule that is commonly used to carry electrons in the cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP
B)  ATP
C)  NAD+
D)  pyruvic acid

Question 13

What type of monomer does ATP represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotide
B)  glycerol
C)  fatty acid
D)  monosaccharide

Question 14

Macromolecules are broken down to monomers in ___

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydration reactions.
B)  denaturation reactions.
C)  hydrolysis reactions.
D)  anabolic reactions.

Question 15

A bobcat is feeding on a white-tailed deer.It first eats the liver, which is rich in stored sugars.In what form would sugar be stored in the deer's liver?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose
B)  Maltose
C)  Glycogen
D)  Amylose

Question 16

What characteristic would the R groups of amino acids have if they are located within the interior of biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  The R groups would be able to form ionic bonds.
B)  The R groups would be polar.
C)  The R groups would hydrophobic.
D)  The R groups would be hydrophilic.

Question 17

This type of lipid is found in pigments such as chlorophyll, in the visual pigment retinal, and in rubber:

Accepted Answer

A)  steroid.
B)  wax.
C)  prostaglandin.
D)  terpene.

Question 18

You arrive late to a biological seminar.However, just as you enter the room, you hear the speaker referring to the "five-prime end" and the "three-prime end" of a macromolecule.Immediately, you know that they are talking about a:

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate.
B)  protein.
C)  DNA.
D)  lipid.

Question 19

L-lysine is an essential amino acid and must be supplied in the diet.By comparison, the stereoisomer D-lysine is not biologically active.Why can your body only utilize one form?

Accepted Answer

A)  Since the L form and D form are enantiomers, they will bind together and inhibit utilization of the D form.
B)  Since the L form and D form are chiral molecules, they will bind together and inhibit utilization of the D form.
C)  Antibodies recognize the D form and destroy it before your body can use it for nutritional purposes.
D)  Enzymes can only recognize a single, specific stereoisomer.

Question 20

A low fat cookie with 2 grams of fat, 10 grams of carbohydrate, and 2 grams of protein contains:

Accepted Answer

A)  14 calories
B)  56 calories
C)  66 calories
D)  126 calories

Exam 3: The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

A nucleic acid contains uracil, allowing you to conclude that:

Correct Answer
verified

L-lysine is an essential amino acid and must be supplied in the diet.By comparison, the stereoisomer D-lysine is not biologically active.Why can your body only utilize one form?

Correct Answer
verified

What characteristic would the R groups of amino acids have if they are located within the interior of biological membranes?

Correct Answer
verified

Margarine is made by hydrogenating vegetable oils so that they take on the consistency of butter.Propose a chemical basis for this change from a liquid to a solid.

Correct Answer
verified

Humans are unable to get metabolic energy from cellulose because:

Correct Answer
verified

A DNA molecule containing 32% thymine would contain how much cytosine?

Correct Answer
verified

Amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds in a ____

Correct Answer
verified

At the pH of most bodily fluids, which functional group will lose a proton and which functional group will accept a proton?

Correct Answer
verified

A low fat cookie with 2 grams of fat, 10 grams of carbohydrate, and 2 grams of protein contains:

Correct Answer
verified

This type of lipid is found in pigments such as chlorophyll, in the visual pigment retinal, and in rubber:

Correct Answer
verified

Macromolecules are broken down to monomers in ___

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

What type of monomer does ATP represent?

Correct Answer
verified

The specific amino acid sequence of a protein is its ____.

Correct Answer
verified

This is a nucleotide containing molecule that is commonly used to carry electrons in the cell.

Correct Answer
verified

A phosphorus shortage in soil would make it difficult for plants to produce:

Correct Answer
verified

Luke sprained his ankle, tearing some of the collagen protein that forms his ligaments.Some types of collagen consist of three polypeptide chains twisted together to form a rope-like strand.What level of protein structure does this rope-like strand represent?

Correct Answer
verified

DNA and RNA contain functional units known as:

Correct Answer
verified

You arrive late to a biological seminar.However, just as you enter the room, you hear the speaker referring to the "five-prime end" and the "three-prime end" of a macromolecule.Immediately, you know that they are talking about a:

Correct Answer
verified

A bobcat is feeding on a white-tailed deer.It first eats the liver, which is rich in stored sugars.In what form would sugar be stored in the deer's liver?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

A nucleic acid contains uracil, allowing you to conclude that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

L-lysine is an essential amino acid and must be supplied in the diet.By comparison, the stereoisomer D-lysine is not biologically active.Why can your body only utilize one form?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What characteristic would the R groups of amino acids have if they are located within the interior of biological membranes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Margarine is made by hydrogenating vegetable oils so that they take on the consistency of butter.Propose a chemical basis for this change from a liquid to a solid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humans are unable to get metabolic energy from cellulose because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A DNA molecule containing 32% thymine would contain how much cytosine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds in a ____

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the pH of most bodily fluids, which functional group will lose a proton and which functional group will accept a proton?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A low fat cookie with 2 grams of fat, 10 grams of carbohydrate, and 2 grams of protein contains:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This type of lipid is found in pigments such as chlorophyll, in the visual pigment retinal, and in rubber:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Macromolecules are broken down to monomers in ___

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of monomer does ATP represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The specific amino acid sequence of a protein is its ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This is a nucleotide containing molecule that is commonly used to carry electrons in the cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A phosphorus shortage in soil would make it difficult for plants to produce:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Luke sprained his ankle, tearing some of the collagen protein that forms his ligaments.Some types of collagen consist of three polypeptide chains twisted together to form a rope-like strand.What level of protein structure does this rope-like strand represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA and RNA contain functional units known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You arrive late to a biological seminar.However, just as you enter the room, you hear the speaker referring to the "five-prime end" and the "three-prime end" of a macromolecule.Immediately, you know that they are talking about a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A bobcat is feeding on a white-tailed deer.It first eats the liver, which is rich in stored sugars.In what form would sugar be stored in the deer's liver?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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