Question 1

Neither short nor flat bones contain a medullary cavity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

When during human development does the process of ossification begin?

Accepted Answer

A)   12 weeks after birth
B)   12th-13th week of embryonic development
C)   8th-9th month of fetal development
D)   3-4 months of age
E)   10-25 years of age

Question 3

If a clinician were looking to harvest bone marrow that made blood cells, which bone of a donor would be sampled?

Accepted Answer

A)   Distal head of femur
B)   Os coxa
C)   Phalanges
D)   Distal humerus

Question 4

Which is not correct about spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

A)   Its spaces hold red bone marrow.
B)   It is located deep to compact bone.
C)   It forms diploe in the cranial bones.
D)   It is composed of tubular units called osteons.
E)   It is located in the epiphyses of long bones.

Question 5

Within which zone of the epiphyseal plate do cartilage cells undergo mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   The zone closest to the medullary cavity
B)   The zone closest to the epiphysis
C)   The second closest bone to the medullary cavity
D)   The second closest zone to the epiphysis

Question 6

Where does hemopoiesis occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   Epiphyseal line
B)   Endosteum
C)   Red bone marrow
D)   Yellow bone marrow
E)   Nutrient foramina

Question 7

To trigger bone growth, growth hormone stimulates the

Accepted Answer

A)   liver to produce somatomedin.
B)   liver to produce calcitonin.
C)   brain to produce serotonin.
D)   parathyroid to produce parathyroid hormone.
E)   thyroid to produce calcitriol.

Question 8

During the process of endochondral ossification, chondrocytes in the cartilage model die. Why does this occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   Blood supply to the cartilage is cut off by the developing periosteum.
B)   Canaliculi connecting adjacent chondrocyte lacunae fuse.
C)   Nutrients cannot diffuse to the chondrocytes through the calcified matrix.
D)   The developing bone collar secretes enzymes that destroy the chondrocytes.
E)   Phagocytic osteoclasts in the new bone engulf and destroy the chondrocytes.

Question 9

As the bone matrix calcifies and the secreting cells become walled in,

Accepted Answer

A)   osteoblasts become osteocytes.
B)   osteogenic progenitors become osteoclasts.
C)   osteoblasts become osteoclasts.
D)   osteoclasts become osteocytes.

Question 10

The bones of the fingers and toes (phalanges)  are categorized as _____ bones.

Accepted Answer

A)   long
B)   irregular
C)   short
D)   flat
E)   sesamoid

Question 11

Glucocorticoids increase bone ________; high levels of serotonin lead to ________ bone density.

Accepted Answer

A)   formation; high
B)   formation; low
C)   loss; high
D)   loss; low

Question 12

When bone forms by intramembranous ossification, the ossification centers are within

Accepted Answer

A)   hyaline cartilage.
B)   compact bone.
C)   mesenchyme.
D)   elastic cartilage.
E)   spongy bone.

Question 13

Bone is considered part of the skeletal system, but ligaments are not.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What explains the dramatic acceleration in lengthwise bone growth at puberty?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increased activity of osteoclasts occurs in response to parathyroid hormone stimulation.
B)   Increased rate of calcium deposition occurs due to high blood calcium levels.
C)   Increased physical activity causes lengthwise growth in response to bone stress.
D)   Increased secretion of sex hormones promotes epiphyseal plate growth.
E)   Increased absorption of dietary vitamins and minerals strengthens the matrix.

Question 15

Bone growth in which the bone increases in diameter is called

Accepted Answer

A)   interstitial growth.
B)   epiphyseal growth.
C)   appositional growth.
D)   endosteal growth.
E)   cancellous bone growth.

Question 16

Consider the classifications of bone, and examples of each. Which classification comprises bones used primarily for movement rather than protection?

Accepted Answer

A)   Short bones
B)   Long bones
C)   Flat bones
D)   Irregular bones
E)   Regular bones

Question 17

Bone cells called ________ break down bone by secreting hydrochloric acid and enzymes that dissolve the matrix.

Accepted Answer

A)   osteoprogenitor cells
B)   osteoid cells
C)   osteocytes
D)   osteoclasts
E)   osteoblasts

Question 18

The steps in the process of endochondral ossification are
A: Ossification center forms in the diaphysis.
B: Cartilage calcifies and a bone collar forms.
C: Ossification centers form in the epiphyses.
D: Bone replaces cartilage.
E: Epiphyseal plates ossify.
F: Cartilage model develops.
The correct chronological order for these steps is

Accepted Answer

A)   f. - b. - c. - d. - a. - e.
B)   b. - c. - f. - a. - e. - d.
C)   a. - c. - b. - d. - e. - f.
D)   f. - b. - a. - c. - d. - e.
E)   a. - e. - c. - d. - b. - f.

Question 19

Which affects osteoblast and osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gravity
B)   Mechanical stress
C)   Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone levels
D)   Blood calcium level
E)   All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

Parathyroid hormone release is triggered by ________ levels of calcium in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)   high
B)   low

Exam 7: Skeletal System: Bone Structure and Function

What explains the dramatic acceleration in lengthwise bone growth at puberty?

Correct Answer
verified

Parathyroid hormone release is triggered by ________ levels of calcium in the blood.

Correct Answer
verified

Bone growth in which the bone increases in diameter is called

Correct Answer
verified

As the bone matrix calcifies and the secreting cells become walled in,

Correct Answer
verified

Bone cells called ________ break down bone by secreting hydrochloric acid and enzymes that dissolve the matrix.

Correct Answer
verified

When during human development does the process of ossification begin?

Correct Answer
verified

Bone is considered part of the skeletal system, but ligaments are not.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which is not correct about spongy bone?

Correct Answer
verified

Neither short nor flat bones contain a medullary cavity.

Correct Answer
verified

Consider the classifications of bone, and examples of each. Which classification comprises bones used primarily for movement rather than protection?

Correct Answer
verified

Glucocorticoids increase bone ; high levels of serotonin lead to bone density.

Correct Answer
verified

To trigger bone growth, growth hormone stimulates the

Correct Answer
verified

Where does hemopoiesis occur?

Correct Answer
verified

Which affects osteoblast and osteoclast activity?

Correct Answer
verified

Within which zone of the epiphyseal plate do cartilage cells undergo mitosis?

Correct Answer
verified

If a clinician were looking to harvest bone marrow that made blood cells, which bone of a donor would be sampled?

Correct Answer
verified

During the process of endochondral ossification, chondrocytes in the cartilage model die. Why does this occur?

Correct Answer
verified

The bones of the fingers and toes (phalanges) are categorized as _____ bones.

Correct Answer
verified

When bone forms by intramembranous ossification, the ossification centers are within

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Skeletal System: Bone Structure and Function

What explains the dramatic acceleration in lengthwise bone growth at puberty?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parathyroid hormone release is triggered by ________ levels of calcium in the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bone growth in which the bone increases in diameter is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the bone matrix calcifies and the secreting cells become walled in,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bone cells called ________ break down bone by secreting hydrochloric acid and enzymes that dissolve the matrix.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When during human development does the process of ossification begin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bone is considered part of the skeletal system, but ligaments are not.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not correct about spongy bone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neither short nor flat bones contain a medullary cavity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consider the classifications of bone, and examples of each. Which classification comprises bones used primarily for movement rather than protection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucocorticoids increase bone ________; high levels of serotonin lead to ________ bone density.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To trigger bone growth, growth hormone stimulates the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where does hemopoiesis occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which affects osteoblast and osteoclast activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Within which zone of the epiphyseal plate do cartilage cells undergo mitosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a clinician were looking to harvest bone marrow that made blood cells, which bone of a donor would be sampled?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the process of endochondral ossification, chondrocytes in the cartilage model die. Why does this occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bones of the fingers and toes (phalanges) are categorized as _____ bones.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When bone forms by intramembranous ossification, the ossification centers are within

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Glucocorticoids increase bone ; high levels of serotonin lead to bone density.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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