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The demand for gasoline is perfectly inelastic because most people need gasoline to drive their cars.

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When Nablom's Bakery raised the price of its breads by 10 percent, the quantity demanded fell by 15 percent. What was the effect on sales revenue?


A) Sales revenue increased.
B) Sales revenue remained unchanged.
C) Sales revenue decreased.
D) It cannot be determined without information on prices.

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Figure 6-10 Figure 6-10   -Refer to Figure 6-10. The supply curve on which price elasticity changes at every point is shown in A)  Panel A. B)  Panel B. C)  Panel C. D)  Panel D. -Refer to Figure 6-10. The supply curve on which price elasticity changes at every point is shown in


A) Panel A.
B) Panel B.
C) Panel C.
D) Panel D.

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Assume that you own a small boutique hotel. In an attempt to raise revenue, you reduce your rates by 20 percent. However, your revenue falls. What does this indicate about the demand for your boutique hotel rooms?


A) Boutique hotel rooms are inferior goods.
B) Demand is inelastic.
C) The demand curve for your hotel rooms is vertical.
D) Demand is elastic.

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Table 6-4 The publisher of a magazine gives his staff the following information: Table 6-4 The publisher of a magazine gives his staff the following information:    He tells the staff,  Our costs are currently $150,000 more than our revenues each month. I propose to eliminate this problem by raising the price of the magazine to $3.00 per issue. This will result in our revenue being exactly equal to our cost.  -Refer to Table 6-4. Which of the following statements is correct? A)  The publisher's analysis is correct only if the demand is perfectly elastic. B)  The publisher's analysis is correct only if the demand is elastic. C)  The publisher's analysis is correct only if the demand is perfectly inelastic. D)  The publisher's analysis is correct only if the demand is unit elastic. He tells the staff, "Our costs are currently $150,000 more than our revenues each month. I propose to eliminate this problem by raising the price of the magazine to $3.00 per issue. This will result in our revenue being exactly equal to our cost." -Refer to Table 6-4. Which of the following statements is correct?


A) The publisher's analysis is correct only if the demand is perfectly elastic.
B) The publisher's analysis is correct only if the demand is elastic.
C) The publisher's analysis is correct only if the demand is perfectly inelastic.
D) The publisher's analysis is correct only if the demand is unit elastic.

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Figure 6-12 Figure 6-12   -Refer to Figure 6-12. Suppose the diagram shows the supply curves for a product in the short run and in the long run. Which supply curve represents supply in the short run and which curve represents supply in the long run? A)  S<sub>B</sub> represents supply in the short run and S<sub>A</sub> represents supply in the long run. B)  Either S<sub>A</sub> or S<sub>B</sub> could represent supply in the short run; in the long run the supply curve must be a vertical line. C)  Either S<sub>A</sub> or S<sub>B</sub> could represent supply in the long run; in the short run the supply curve must be a horizontal line. D)  S<sub>A</sub> represents supply in the short run and S<sub>B</sub> represents supply in the long run. -Refer to Figure 6-12. Suppose the diagram shows the supply curves for a product in the short run and in the long run. Which supply curve represents supply in the short run and which curve represents supply in the long run?


A) SB represents supply in the short run and SA represents supply in the long run.
B) Either SA or SB could represent supply in the short run; in the long run the supply curve must be a vertical line.
C) Either SA or SB could represent supply in the long run; in the short run the supply curve must be a horizontal line.
D) SA represents supply in the short run and SB represents supply in the long run.

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Figure 6-6 Figure 6-6   -Refer to Figure 6-6. As price falls from P<sub>A</sub> to P<sub>B</sub>, the quantity demanded increases the most along D<sub>1; </sub>therefore A)  D<sub>1 </sub>is unit elastic. B)  D<sub>1</sub> is more inelastic than D<sub>2 </sub>or D<sub>3</sub>. C)  D<sub>1</sub> is more elastic than D<sub>2 </sub>or D<sub>3</sub>. D)  D<sub>1</sub> is elastic at P<sub>A</sub> but inelastic at P<sub>B</sub>. -Refer to Figure 6-6. As price falls from PA to PB, the quantity demanded increases the most along D1; therefore


A) D1 is unit elastic.
B) D1 is more inelastic than D2 or D3.
C) D1 is more elastic than D2 or D3.
D) D1 is elastic at PA but inelastic at PB.

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If the cross-price elasticity of demand for computers and software is negative, this means the two goods are


A) substitutes.
B) complements.
C) inferior.
D) normal.

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The market demand for The Federalist Papers is likely to be more elastic than the market demand for a best-selling mystery novel.

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The income elasticity of demand measures


A) the responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in income.
B) how a consumer's purchasing power is affected by a change in the price of a product.
C) the percentage change in the price of a product divided by the percentage change in consumer income.
D) the income effect of a change in price.

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Suppose the value of the price elasticity of supply is 4. What does this mean?


A) A 4 percent increase in the price of the good causes quantity supplied to increase by 1 percent.
B) A 1 percent increase in the price of the good causes the supply curve to shift upward by 4 percent.
C) A 1 percent increase in the price of the good causes quantity supplied to increase by 4 percent.
D) For every $1 increase in price, quantity supplied increases by 4 units.

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If the demand for a product is elastic, the quantity demanded changes by a smaller percentage than the percentage change in price.

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Figure 6-12 Figure 6-12   -Refer to Figure 6-12. The diagram shows two supply curves, S<sub>A</sub> and S<sub>B</sub>. As price rises from P<sub>0</sub> to P<sub>1</sub>, which supply curve is more elastic? A)  S<sub>A</sub> B)  S<sub>B</sub> C)  They are equally inelastic. D)  They are equally elastic. -Refer to Figure 6-12. The diagram shows two supply curves, SA and SB. As price rises from P0 to P1, which supply curve is more elastic?


A) SA
B) SB
C) They are equally inelastic.
D) They are equally elastic.

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The Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) System in Hong Kong has been running significant losses. Transport Ministry officials have argued over whether to raise fares to combat the losses. One argument against a fare increase is that it will aggravate traffic congestion on the streets during peak commuter hours. Suppose that the current fare is $4 and the government is considering raising it to $6. Officials estimate that this reduces the number of rides purchased from 10,000 to 8,000 per day. a. Using the midpoint formula, what is the estimated elasticity of demand for MRT rides? b. What does this elasticity of demand suggest to you about what will happen to total revenue earned by the transit system if the fare increase happens? c. Last year, the MRT system incurred a loss of $50,000 per day. Do you think the fare increase will resolve the deficit problem as well as Ministry officials anticipate? Explain.

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a. Price elasticity = -0.56.
b...

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The cross-price elasticity of demand measures the


A) absolute change in the quantity demanded of one good divided by the absolute change in the price of another good.
B) percentage change in the quantity demanded of one good divided by the percentage change in the price of another good.
C) percentage change in the price of one good divided by the percentage change in the quantity demanded of another good.
D) percentage change in the quantity demanded of one good in one location divided by the price of the same good in another location.

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When the price of tortilla chips rose by 10 percent, the quantity of tortilla chips sold fell 4 percent, and the sale of dips (like salsa and bean dip) fell 8 percent. This set of facts indicates that the cross-price elasticity between tortilla chips and dips is ________, so the two are ________.


A) 0.8; substitutes
B) -0.4; complements
C) -0.8; complements
D) 0.4; substitutes

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Suppose that when the price per ream of recycled printer paper rises from $4 to $4.50, the quantity demanded falls from 800 to 600 reams per day. Using the midpoint formula, what is the price elasticity of demand (in absolute value) over this range?


A) 0.003
B) 0.41
C) 2.43
D) 4

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When there few close substitutes available for a good, demand tends to be


A) perfectly inelastic.
B) perfectly elastic.
C) relatively inelastic.
D) relatively elastic.

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Table 6-3 Table 6-3    -Refer to Table 6-3. Over what range of prices is the demand inelastic? A)  over the entire range of prices B)  between $12 and $16 C)  between $8 and $16 D)  between $2 and $8 -Refer to Table 6-3. Over what range of prices is the demand inelastic?


A) over the entire range of prices
B) between $12 and $16
C) between $8 and $16
D) between $2 and $8

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Figure 6-5 Figure 6-5   -Refer to Figure 6-5. The section of the demand curve labeled  A  represents A)  the inelastic section of the demand curve. B)  the unit-elastic section of the demand curve. C)  the elastic section of the demand curve. D)  the perfectly elastic section of the demand curve. -Refer to Figure 6-5. The section of the demand curve labeled "A" represents


A) the inelastic section of the demand curve.
B) the unit-elastic section of the demand curve.
C) the elastic section of the demand curve.
D) the perfectly elastic section of the demand curve.

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