Question 1

Induction of a depressive mood in participants:

Accepted Answer

A)   is unethical and should never be done.
B)   is frequently offset by subsequent induction of a happy mood
C)   does not pose a concern for researchers after participants give consent
D)   is sufficiently temporary that it should not concern the researcher

Question 2

Choose the rarest circumstance below.

Accepted Answer

A)   Participants are given complete information about what they will be asked to do.
B)   A cover story is provided to control the reactivity of participants.
C)   Information is omitted about an important aspect of the test.
D)   Participants are told that they can end their participation without consequences.

Question 3

According to current APA ethical guidelines for research involving animal participants,pain and discomfort can ethically occur only in the absence of an alternative procedure and if there is a justification for the research in terms of its value on ____ grounds.

Accepted Answer

A)   scientific
B)   educational
C)   Applied
D)   all of the above

Question 4

Pain stimuli are used in animal research:

Accepted Answer

A)   whenever they can potentially result in a theoretical contribution to the literature
B)   in the majority of conducted studies
C)   only after substantial deliberation by both the researcher(s) and the IRB
D)   only when potential benefits at least equal the harm caused to the animal

Question 5

Which statement below is true regarding the removal of research participants from harmful consequences?

Accepted Answer

A)   Researchers are required to resolve potential resentment by participants.
B)   Participants must leave the lab with neither overly positive nor negative feelings.
C)   Researchers are only required to have participants sign a form saying that they feel alright to leave the laboratory.
D)   It is acceptable to detain a participant longer than scheduled to ensure safety.

Question 6

The responsibility to determine and prevent scientific fraud lies with:

Accepted Answer

A)   the individual researcher
B)   the Institutional Review Board (IR
B)  
C)   the granting agency
D)   all of the above

Question 7

Which statement below about an Institutional Review Board (IRB) is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   One member of the IRB must be from a nonscientific area.
B)   One member of the IRB must not be affiliated with the institution.
C)   Cost-benefit analyses by the IRB are not the same for studies deemed to be of minimal risk.
D)   All members of the IRB must have expertise that concerns special populations since they are often the target of research projects.

Question 8

The case of Sir Cyril Burt,where identical correlations were obtained across studies,is discussed in your textbook as a likely example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   data fudging
B)   deliberately choosing not to report data that is incompatible with the researcher's theoretical perspective
C)   idea plagiarism
D)   exclusion of scientific fraud via replication

Question 9

A researcher decides to do a study that closely follows a design that is suggested by a colleague,but does not include the colleague as a co-author or cite him/her for the suggestion.This situation can most accurately be described as a case of:

Accepted Answer

A)   replication
B)   idea plagiarism
C)   "cooking" data
D)   ethical behavior

Question 10

Which of the following is inconsistent with current ethical principles for research with human participants?

Accepted Answer

A)   Information about the nature of the experiment must be disclosed to participants.
B)   Each participant can withdraw from research at any time for any reason.
C)   Deception is always acceptable if it is explained to the participant later.
D)   Participant records will remain confidential even if their data is published.
E)   Researchers will protect participants from harmful conditions.

Question 11

A participant who elects to withdraw from a study in progress:

Accepted Answer

A)   need not receive any compensation for their time
B)   represents a violation of their signed consent
C)   should not do so unless there is a concern for his/her own well-being
D)   can choose to do so for any reason whatsoever

Question 12

One particularly strong counter-argument to claims of speciesism is the fact that:

Accepted Answer

A)   harm against animal participants does not occur without IRB approval
B)   many animal rights supporters use leather goods and/or eat meat
C)   a lot of animal research directly benefits animals
D)   equal protection is generally afforded both rats and primates that participate

Question 13

Which of the following perspectives is least likely to be endorsed by an animal-rights supporter?

Accepted Answer

A)   Animal research neglects the natural rights of other species.
B)   Animal research is dehumanizing to the scientist.
C)   Animals feel pain,as do humans,and the research inflicts suffering on animals
D)   It may be acceptable to conduct animal research if that is the only option and the outcomes of the research are expected to be extremely helpful to both humans and the animals

Question 14

Experiments involving deception:

Accepted Answer

A)   probably should not be done on ethical grounds
B)   should be carefully considered,since aftercare of the participant would be impossible to obtain
C)   obligates the researcher to explain the true nature of the experiment after the participant has been tested
D)   should only be conducted with infrahuman subjects

Question 15

It is reasonable and standard practice to share with a participant his/her individual results during debriefing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Institutional review boards are an optional way that most universities use to monitor ethical practices.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The textbook depicts the "Piltdown Man",which was based on a 1912 report of a humanoid-like skull with an apelike jawbone (and thus,a potential find of the "missing link") ,as a likely case of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   plagiarism
B)   idea plagiarism
C)   forging data
D)   replication

Question 18

One argument against using animals in research is that it is dehumanizing to the human scientist.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The ethical investigator respects the participant's right to decline to serve in the study or to withdraw at any time,as long as the purposes of the research are not undermined.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

All of the following represent major APA ethical guidelines for research conducted with animals except:

Accepted Answer

A)   the guarantee to protect and remove the animal from harmful consequences.
B)   the need for a trained supervisor.
C)   the guarantee that euthanasia will be rapid and painless,if it is required.
D)   the fact that acquisition,care,and disposal of animals must be handled within the law.

Exam 4: Conducting Ethical Research

The textbook depicts the "Piltdown Man",which was based on a 1912 report of a humanoid-like skull with an apelike jawbone (and thus,a potential find of the "missing link") ,as a likely case of ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ethical investigator respects the participant's right to decline to serve in the study or to withdraw at any time,as long as the purposes of the research are not undermined.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to current APA ethical guidelines for research involving animal participants,pain and discomfort can ethically occur only in the absence of an alternative procedure and if there is a justification for the research in terms of its value on ____ grounds.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One particularly strong counter-argument to claims of speciesism is the fact that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following represent major APA ethical guidelines for research conducted with animals except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher decides to do a study that closely follows a design that is suggested by a colleague,but does not include the colleague as a co-author or cite him/her for the suggestion.This situation can most accurately be described as a case of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The case of Sir Cyril Burt,where identical correlations were obtained across studies,is discussed in your textbook as a likely example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It is reasonable and standard practice to share with a participant his/her individual results during debriefing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement below about an Institutional Review Board (IRB) is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The responsibility to determine and prevent scientific fraud lies with:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One argument against using animals in research is that it is dehumanizing to the human scientist.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experiments involving deception:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A participant who elects to withdraw from a study in progress:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pain stimuli are used in animal research:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement below is true regarding the removal of research participants from harmful consequences?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following perspectives is least likely to be endorsed by an animal-rights supporter?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is inconsistent with current ethical principles for research with human participants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Institutional review boards are an optional way that most universities use to monitor ethical practices.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Induction of a depressive mood in participants:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the rarest circumstance below.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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