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Exam 9: Early Childhood: Cognitive Development

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Question 71

Multiple Choice

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What role does language play in guided participation?

A) None - language is irrelevant.
B) Minimal - language may be helpful or distracting.
C) Vital - language serves the function of social mediation.
D) Irrelevant - language and guided participation are independent of each other.

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Question 72

Multiple Choice

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Jennie sees her third-grade teacher in the grocery store and is shocked to see her outside of school. This shock is likely due to Jennie's _____.

A) static reasoning
B) abstract reasoning
C) concrete thinking
D) irreversibility

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Question 73

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Discuss the concept of language shift in bilingualism. What is it and how do young children exhibit it?

Irreversibility refers to the preoperational child's tendency to _____.

Preschoolers try to construct a reason for the things that they see and hear. This tendency is known as _____.

Longitudinal studies of the effects of intensive preschool programs has shown that _____.

To focus on one aspect of a situation and simultaneously exclude all other aspects is called _____.

Studies of children solving the day-night test reveal that _____ correlates with maturation of the prefrontal cortex.

The key research conclusion about what is important for early-childhood education, whether at home or at school, is the _____ of the educational environment.

A preschooler's approach to the world is controlled more by his or her own subjective views of the world than by reality.

Antonio is as competent in his second language as in his native Italian. Antonio is a(n) _____.

_____ is a particular type of centration in which a child may insist that Mommy is his mother, not his cousin's aunt.

Jake's father takes him to the barber for his first real haircut. At first, Jake is excited; but as soon as the barber makes the first cut in his hair, Jake becomes very upset and tells his father to make the barber stop. In spite of his father's efforts to assure him that his hair will grow back, Jake is devastated. Jake is exhibiting the characteristic known as _____.

It is always better for a young child to attend preschool than to be home with a parent.

Explain at least three main characteristics of preoperational thinking.

Child-centered programs stress children's development and growth.

By age 6, many children have a vocabulary of about 10,000 words.

Preoperational thinking is _____.

Salim is in a teacher-directed preschool. Which activity would his parents expect him to be doing?

The goal of teacher-directed early-education programs is to _____.