Question 1

Biologists sometimes divide living organisms into two groups: autotrophs and heterotrophs. How do these two groups differ?

Accepted Answer

A)   They use different sources of carbon.
B)   They use different electron acceptors.
C)   They use different sources of energy.
D)   They differ in the way they generate ATP.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

What organisms are most numerous on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)   insects
B)   plants
C)   prokaryotes
D)   archaea
E)   eukaryotesF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Researchers have found a new type of bacteria, and they want to determine its phylum. What would be the most reliable method to do so?

Accepted Answer

A)   Conduct a Gram- stain test.
B)   Analyze the morphological characteristics of the bacteria.
C)   Perform an analysis of metabolic pathways.
D)   Determine the ribosomal RNA sequence of the bacteria.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

During cellular respiration, some bacteria use CH4 as an electron donor and O2 as an electron acceptor. What is the name for this group of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   nitrifiers
B)   organotrophs
C)   methanogens
D)   methanotrophsE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

What kind of molecules serve as electron acceptors in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)   molecules with low potential energy
B)   molecules with high potential energy
C)   polar molecules
D)   molecules in an excited state
E)   waterF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

Multicellularity and large body size of eukaryotic organisms requires high metabolic rates and efficient ATP production by aerobic respiration. How did bacteria change Earth's atmosphere to enable aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria decreased the amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere, leading to simultaneous increase of oxygen.
B)   Splitting of water during anaerobic respiration by cyanobacteria dramatically increased the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere.
C)   Oxygenic photosynthesis by cyanobacteria significantly increased the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere.
D)   Anaerobic respiration by cyanobacteria increased the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere by reducing the amount of iron oxides that are able to react instantly with oxygen.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

What is the goal of bioremediation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Improve bacteria for production of useful chemicals.
B)   Improve soil quality for plant growth by using bacteria.
C)   Improve human health with the help of living organisms such as bacteria.
D)   Clean up areas polluted with toxic compounds by using bacteria.
E)   All of the above are correct.F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   During oxygenic photosynthesis, water is used as a source of electrons; during non- oxygenic photosynthesis, hydrogen sulfide is used as a source of electrons.
B)   During oxygenic photosynthesis, hydrogen sulfide is used as a source of electrons; during non- oxygenic photosynthesis, water is used as a source of electrons.
C)   During oxygenic photosynthesis, oxygen is used as a source of electrons; during non- oxygenic photosynthesis, hydrogen sulfide is used as a source of electrons.
D)   During oxygenic photosynthesis, oxygen is used as a source of electrons; during non- oxygenic photosynthesis, water is used as a source of electrons.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

You need to identify the major type of bacteria living on the shower curtain in your bathroom and find out what they use as a food source. What is the most efficient method for answering this question?

Accepted Answer

A)   enrichment culture
B)   direct sequencing
C)   Enrichment culture and direct sequencing are equally efficient methods.D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 10

A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single- celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fungi
B)   Animalia
C)   Eukarya
D)   Archaea
E)   ProtistaF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

You might be interested to know how many different types of bacteria live on the shower curtain in your bathroom. What is the most efficient method for answering this question?

Accepted Answer

A)   direct sequencing
B)   enrichment culture
C)   Enrichment culture and direct sequencing are equally efficient methods.D) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 12

A bacterium was grown in two test tubes filled with media rich in glucose. One tube was sealed to produce anaerobic conditions, and the other was not. A third uninoculated, unsealed tube was used as a control. Glucose utilization by this bacterium causes acid production, which is indicated by a lightening of the media colour. If the bacterium is able to produce ATP only by respiration, which result do you expect to receive?

Accepted Answer

A)   lightening of media in the unsealed tube only
B)   lightening of media in all three tubes
C)   lightening of media in the sealed tube only
D)   lightening of media in the control tube only
E)   lightening of media in the sealed and unsealed tubes onlyF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 13

When some bacteria use lactose as a source of energy, they produce propionic acid and CO2. What is the name for this process?

Accepted Answer

A)   cellular respiration
B)   carbon fixation
C)   chemical synthesis
D)   photosynthesis
E)   fermentationF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

What is the right progression of steps for a direct- sequencing experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lyse cells, insert genes into plasmid, purify DNA, and amplify genes by PCR.
B)   Purify DNA, amplify genes by PCR, lyse cells, and insert genes into plasmid.
C)   Lyse cells, insert genes into plasmid, amplify genes by PCR, and purify DNA.
D)   Lyse cells, purify DNA, amplify genes by PCR, and insert genes into plasmids.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

You run an osteology lab, where students are able to study the bone structure of various species. To produce clean bones, you introduce insects and bacteria to remove all remaining flesh. Which bacteria would be the best purchase for your lab?

Accepted Answer

A)   Chlamydiae
B)   Spirochaetes
C)   Actinobacteria
D)   Proteobacteria
E)   CyanobacteriaF) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

Starting in 1945, Escherichia coli became a bacterium of choice to study basic cellular processes and gene function. What specific feature of E. coli is responsible for its rise to prominence as a model system?

Accepted Answer

A)   very fast growth rate
B)   ability to grow in suspension culture and on agar plates
C)   ability to transfer a copy of a plasmid from one cell to another
D)   the fact that it has small, circular DNAE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

You have found a prokaryote that is able to form colonies and produce oxygen. To what lineage does it belong?

Accepted Answer

A)   Proteobacteria
B)   Actinobacteria
C)   Crenarchaeota
D)   Chlamydiales
E)   CyanobacteriaF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

A biologist trying to determine the mechanism of adenosine triphosphate ATP)  production in a newly discovered bacterium provides several different substrates on which the bacteria can feed. Which of the following results would indicate that the species uses fermentation to produce ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)   The bacteria utilize glucose and produce carbon dioxide as a by- product of respiration.
B)   The biologist discovers that the bacteria are able to produce organic molecules by metabolizing methane.
C)   After exposure to amino acids, the bacteria produce a smell like rotting flesh.
D)   After the bacteria break down their substrate, the biologist notices a rotten egg smell.
E)   The bacteria can only produce ATP in the presence of light.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Exam 26: Bacteria and Archaea

What kind of molecules serve as electron acceptors in cellular respiration?

Correct Answer
verified

During cellular respiration, some bacteria use CH₄as an electron donor and O₂as an electron acceptor. What is the name for this group of bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

You have found a prokaryote that is able to form colonies and produce oxygen. To what lineage does it belong?

Correct Answer
verified

Biologists sometimes divide living organisms into two groups: autotrophs and heterotrophs. How do these two groups differ?

Correct Answer
verified

Starting in 1945, Escherichia coli became a bacterium of choice to study basic cellular processes and gene function. What specific feature of E. coli is responsible for its rise to prominence as a model system?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is correct?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the goal of bioremediation?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Multicellularity and large body size of eukaryotic organisms requires high metabolic rates and efficient ATP production by aerobic respiration. How did bacteria change Earth's atmosphere to enable aerobic respiration?

Correct Answer
verified

You might be interested to know how many different types of bacteria live on the shower curtain in your bathroom. What is the most efficient method for answering this question?

Correct Answer
verified

A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single- celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?

Correct Answer
verified

What organisms are most numerous on Earth?

Correct Answer
verified

When some bacteria use lactose as a source of energy, they produce propionic acid and CO₂. What is the name for this process?

Correct Answer
verified

A biologist trying to determine the mechanism of adenosine triphosphate ATP) production in a newly discovered bacterium provides several different substrates on which the bacteria can feed. Which of the following results would indicate that the species uses fermentation to produce ATP?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the right progression of steps for a direct- sequencing experiment?

Correct Answer
verified

You run an osteology lab, where students are able to study the bone structure of various species. To produce clean bones, you introduce insects and bacteria to remove all remaining flesh. Which bacteria would be the best purchase for your lab?

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers have found a new type of bacteria, and they want to determine its phylum. What would be the most reliable method to do so?

Correct Answer
verified

You need to identify the major type of bacteria living on the shower curtain in your bathroom and find out what they use as a food source. What is the most efficient method for answering this question?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 26: Bacteria and Archaea

What kind of molecules serve as electron acceptors in cellular respiration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During cellular respiration, some bacteria use CH4 as an electron donor and O2 as an electron acceptor. What is the name for this group of bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have found a prokaryote that is able to form colonies and produce oxygen. To what lineage does it belong?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Biologists sometimes divide living organisms into two groups: autotrophs and heterotrophs. How do these two groups differ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Starting in 1945, Escherichia coli became a bacterium of choice to study basic cellular processes and gene function. What specific feature of E. coli is responsible for its rise to prominence as a model system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the goal of bioremediation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Multicellularity and large body size of eukaryotic organisms requires high metabolic rates and efficient ATP production by aerobic respiration. How did bacteria change Earth's atmosphere to enable aerobic respiration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You might be interested to know how many different types of bacteria live on the shower curtain in your bathroom. What is the most efficient method for answering this question?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single- celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What organisms are most numerous on Earth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When some bacteria use lactose as a source of energy, they produce propionic acid and CO2. What is the name for this process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A biologist trying to determine the mechanism of adenosine triphosphate ATP) production in a newly discovered bacterium provides several different substrates on which the bacteria can feed. Which of the following results would indicate that the species uses fermentation to produce ATP?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the right progression of steps for a direct- sequencing experiment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You run an osteology lab, where students are able to study the bone structure of various species. To produce clean bones, you introduce insects and bacteria to remove all remaining flesh. Which bacteria would be the best purchase for your lab?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have found a new type of bacteria, and they want to determine its phylum. What would be the most reliable method to do so?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You need to identify the major type of bacteria living on the shower curtain in your bathroom and find out what they use as a food source. What is the most efficient method for answering this question?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

During cellular respiration, some bacteria use CH₄as an electron donor and O₂as an electron acceptor. What is the name for this group of bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

When some bacteria use lactose as a source of energy, they produce propionic acid and CO₂. What is the name for this process?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified