Question 1

__________ activity is a process that occurs in the body that people do not have to actively monitor or regulate.

Accepted Answer

A)   Nonconscious
B)   Unconscious
C)   Altered conscious
D)   Preconscious

Question 2

Which theory of sleep suggests that we sleep as an evolutionary adaptation that helps shield us from predators and injury when it is dark outside?

Accepted Answer

A)   The protection and preservation theory
B)   The body restoration theory
C)   The memory theory
D)   The growth theory

Question 3

According to Sigmund Freud,our inner conflicts and unconscious desires can be identified and analyzed through __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   reflective listening
B)   meditation
C)   the use of psychotropic medications
D)   dream interpretation

Question 4

What sort of changes in brain waves do people experience when they are in a deeply meditative or relaxed state?

Accepted Answer

A)   Their brain shows brain wave activity that approximates the changes associated with the ingestion of a hallucinatory drug, like marijuana or PCP.
B)   Their brain shows brain wave activity that actually shuts down completely for brief periods of time, which explains the transcendental state associated with meditation.
C)   Their brain shows brain wave activity that is similar to that seen during sleep.
D)   Their brain shows unchanged brain wave activity, suggesting that the effects of meditation are more of a psychiatric illusion than a physical event.

Question 5

Which of the following events that resulted in tragic consequences for people,animals,and the environment did not occur after midnight,suggesting that they may have been caused or at least contributed to by operator fatigue?

Accepted Answer

A)   The 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill
B)   The 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident
C)   The 1986 Space Shuttle Challenger disaster
D)   The 1979 Three Mile Island disaster

Question 6

How do scientists know that night terrors are not simply an extension of nightmares?

Accepted Answer

A)   Because night terrors occur in stage 1 of NREM sleep, while nightmares occur in stage 2 of NREM sleep.
B)   Because night terrors occur in stage 2 of NREM sleep, while nightmares occur in REM sleep.
C)   Because night terrors occur in REM sleep, while nightmares occur in stage 4 of NREM sleep.
D)   Because night terrors occur in stage 4 of NREM sleep, while nightmares occur in REM sleep.

Question 7

The preconscious refers to information that is ordinarily outside of your awareness,but that	 can become available to you with focused attention and effort.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The strange sensations that occur during the period when you are "nodding off" between being	
awake and being asleep are called hypnagogia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Specific body positions,or __________,may be used during meditative yoga to help the practitioner focus inward.

Accepted Answer

A)   asanas
B)   chakra
C)   chis
D)   lachia

Question 10

K-Complex and sleep spindles are two types of brain activity that indicate the transition into 	
REM sleep.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

According to the theory of Sigmund Freud,there are three levels of content to every dream - 	
the manifest content,the latent content,and the unconscious content.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Most people have occasional difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep during the night,but true cases of __________ are only reported by about 10-15% of adults.Even in those cases,however,people may underestimate their actual sleep habits.

Accepted Answer

A)   nonsomnia
B)   insomnia
C)   narcolepsy
D)   pseudosomnia

Question 13

What has research into hypnotic age regression found?

Accepted Answer

A)   The accuracy of memories recovered during age regression is actually better than the accuracy of conscious, wakeful memories.
B)   Age regression as a viable use for hypnosis has received only questionable support from research investigations.
C)   It is so easy to "implant" memories during age regression therapy that the practice has been discontinued by all reputable hypnotherapists.
D)   People under hypnosis will act the way they did at the age to which they are being regressed, suggesting that it is a viable form of therapy for recovering early-life memories.

Question 14

Which of the following is a viable application of hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reducing addiction to cigarettes
B)   Personality change
C)   Pain relief
D)   Providing reliable testimony in court cases

Question 15

Which of the following has been demonstrated by research as a skill or ability that is induced via meditation?

Accepted Answer

A)   The ability to raise metabolism
B)   The ability to cure bacterial infections without medication
C)   The ability to lower body temperature
D)   The ability to decrease intelligence

Question 16

Stimulation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus triggers the release of 	
hypocretin,a hormone that induces sleepiness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The fact that body tissue is repaired while we sleep is evidence for the __________ theory of sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)   Memory
B)   Body restoration
C)   Growth
D)   Protection and preservation

Question 18

Which of the following hormones is the closest in its function to melatonin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prolactin
B)   Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
C)   Luteinizing hormone
D)   Adenosine

Question 19

Dissociation and selective attention are two possible explanations for the phenomenon of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   hypnotic analgesia
B)   dissociative personality disorder
C)   posthypnotic suggestions
D)   hypnotic regression

Question 20

According to Sigmund Freud,the __________ content of a dream refers to the underlying meaning of the dream through which threatening or unacceptable drives and wishes are discharged.

Accepted Answer

A)   lucid
B)   manifest
C)   unconscious
D)   latent

Exam 6: Consciousness

Which of the following is a viable application of hypnosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following has been demonstrated by research as a skill or ability that is induced via meditation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stimulation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus triggers the release of hypocretin,a hormone that induces sleepiness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What has research into hypnotic age regression found?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do scientists know that night terrors are not simply an extension of nightmares?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the theory of Sigmund Freud,there are three levels of content to every dream - the manifest content,the latent content,and the unconscious content.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The preconscious refers to information that is ordinarily outside of your awareness,but that can become available to you with focused attention and effort.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Specific body positions,or __________,may be used during meditative yoga to help the practitioner focus inward.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Sigmund Freud,the __________ content of a dream refers to the underlying meaning of the dream through which threatening or unacceptable drives and wishes are discharged.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________ activity is a process that occurs in the body that people do not have to actively monitor or regulate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theory of sleep suggests that we sleep as an evolutionary adaptation that helps shield us from predators and injury when it is dark outside?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

K-Complex and sleep spindles are two types of brain activity that indicate the transition into REM sleep.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following events that resulted in tragic consequences for people,animals,and the environment did not occur after midnight,suggesting that they may have been caused or at least contributed to by operator fatigue?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What sort of changes in brain waves do people experience when they are in a deeply meditative or relaxed state?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most people have occasional difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep during the night,but true cases of __________ are only reported by about 10-15% of adults.Even in those cases,however,people may underestimate their actual sleep habits.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dissociation and selective attention are two possible explanations for the phenomenon of __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that body tissue is repaired while we sleep is evidence for the __________ theory of sleep.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following hormones is the closest in its function to melatonin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Sigmund Freud,our inner conflicts and unconscious desires can be identified and analyzed through __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The strange sensations that occur during the period when you are "nodding off" between being awake and being asleep are called hypnagogia.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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