Question 1

As a general rule, total biomass ________, size of individuals ________, and number of individuals ________ as you move up a trophic pyramid.

Accepted Answer

A)   increases; decreases; decreases
B)   decreases; increases; decreases
C)   increases; decreases; increases
D)   decreases; decreases; increases
E)   increases; increases; increases

Question 2

Dinoflagellates and coccolithophores belong to the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   phytoplankton
B)   zooplankton
C)   benthos
D)   nekton
E)   decomposers

Question 3

Areas of divergence promote higher rates of primary production.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The upper boundary of the aphotic zone is determined by the depth of solar light penetration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Crustacean zooplankton include the following groups except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   krill
B)   copepods
C)   euphausids
D)   chaetognaths
E)   None of these is a crustacean.

Question 6

Productivity is higher at a surface convergence than surface divergence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Upwelling areas are more productive than oceanic areas because ________ in upwellings.

Accepted Answer

A)   organic matter is more concentrated
B)   food chains are shorter
C)   there are more nutrients
D)   All of these are correct.
E)   None of these is correct.

Question 8

Primary productivity is measured in terms of gC/m2/day.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Meroplankton spend only a part of their lifecycle in the water column. Common examples include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   copepods
B)   krill
C)   sea star larvae
D)   salps

Question 10

The most abundant phytoplankton in the open ocean is the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The vast open ocean is dominated by picoplankton that are efficiently grazed by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   whales
B)   heterotrophic dinoflagellates
C)   ciliates and tintinnids
D)   copepods

Question 12

Primary productivity is best described as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   population
B)   standing crop
C)   life expectancy
D)   rate of birth minus rate of death
E)   rate of production of organic carbon

Question 13

Productivity in tropical oceans is limited by nutrient availability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Holoplankton spend part of their lives in the water column and part of their lives in the benthos.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The period of highest productivity in polar areas is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   summer
B)   winter
C)   spring
D)   fall
E)   Productivity is similar in all seasons.

Question 16

Zooplankton are always ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   animals
B)   multicellular
C)   heterotrophs
D)   All of these are correct.
E)   None of these is correct.

Question 17

Adding iron to the surface of the ocean has been shown to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   have no impact on phytoplankton community composition
B)   increase phytoplankton production for an initial short period
C)   make no difference to phytoplankton production
D)   be toxic to phytoplankton production
E)   All of these are false; this experiment has never been tried.

Question 18

Common photosynthetic pigments include all of the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   chlorophyll a
B)   fucoxanthin
C)   fluorescence
D)   phycoerythrin

Question 19

Coccolithophorids and diatoms both use calcium carbonate as part of their external skeletons, or shells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Approximately the same amount of primary productivity occurs in the oceans as occurs on land.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: The Plankton, Productivity, and Food Webs

Areas of divergence promote higher rates of primary production.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The vast open ocean is dominated by picoplankton that are efficiently grazed by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The upper boundary of the aphotic zone is determined by the depth of solar light penetration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Meroplankton spend only a part of their lifecycle in the water column. Common examples include ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Common photosynthetic pigments include all of the following except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most abundant phytoplankton in the open ocean is the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Primary productivity is measured in terms of gC/m2/day.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a general rule, total biomass ________, size of individuals ________, and number of individuals ________ as you move up a trophic pyramid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The period of highest productivity in polar areas is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Primary productivity is best described as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adding iron to the surface of the ocean has been shown to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Zooplankton are always ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Crustacean zooplankton include the following groups except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dinoflagellates and coccolithophores belong to the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Productivity is higher at a surface convergence than surface divergence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately the same amount of primary productivity occurs in the oceans as occurs on land.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Holoplankton spend part of their lives in the water column and part of their lives in the benthos.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Upwelling areas are more productive than oceanic areas because ________ in upwellings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Coccolithophorids and diatoms both use calcium carbonate as part of their external skeletons, or shells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Productivity in tropical oceans is limited by nutrient availability.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Primary productivity is measured in terms of gC/m²/day.

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As a general rule, total biomass , size of individuals , and number of individuals as you move up a trophic pyramid.

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