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Émile Durkheim suggested that as a society becomes more complex,the nature of solidarity becomes more


A) mechanical.
B) organic.
C) preservationist.
D) institutionalized.

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In Ebaugh's four stages of the process of role exit,which of the following is a core element of the first stage?


A) Searching for alternatives
B) Identity creation
C) Doubt
D) Action

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Define and discuss labor unions.What are some of the reasons that are contributing to the decline in union membership?

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Labor unions are organizations formed by...

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A domestic abuse counselor fails to listen to an injured woman because the woman has no valid proof of U.S.citizenship.This is an example of


A) goal displacement.
B) goal multiplication.
C) trained incapacity.
D) hierarchy of authority.

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A temporary or permanent alliance geared toward a common goal is referred to as


A) an out-group.
B) a focus group.
C) a coalition.
D) a reference group.

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Gender is an ascribed status.

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Twitter has functioned as an important social networking tool.

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A preindustrial society in which people rely on whatever foods and fibers are readily available in order to live is called a(n)


A) agrarian society.
B) hunting-and-gathering society.
C) horticultural society.
D) slash-and-burn farming society.

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Coalitions consist of organized workers who share either the same skill or the same employer.

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Describe some of the potential negative consequences of the process of bureaucratization.

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Bureaucratization can lead to a number o...

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Transitioning from high school to college is an example of


A) role conflict.
B) role exit.
C) role acceptance.
D) role strain.

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Describe sociologist Gerhard Lenski's stages of sociocultural evolution,and explain how his view differs from that of Émile Durkheim's mechanical and organic solidarity and Ferdinand Tönnies's Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft.

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Gerhard Lenski's stages of sociocultural...

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Which of the following is most likely to be a secondary group?


A) The members of a small weekly seminar class in cultural diversity
B) The members of a small commune in Idaho
C) The members of the United Nations General Assembly
D) The members of a family

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Which sociological perspective suggests that a society or a relatively permanent group must accomplish certain major tasks if it is to survive?


A) Functionalist perspective
B) Conflict perspective
C) Interactionist perspective
D) Feminist perspective

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Émile Durkheim argued that mechanical solidarity is characteristic of the interdependence of people in a complex society.

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Explain the ways in which a social network can either help or hinder a person.

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Social networks can both help and hinder...

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Today,Steve went into a grocery store where a stranger checked out his purchases and another stranger bagged his groceries.Then he went to a fast-food restaurant and purchased a hamburger from another stranger,and on his way home he stopped at an intersection,where an unknown police officer raised her hand.These experiences are all characteristic of


A) Gesellschaft relationships.
B) organic solidarity.
C) mechanical solidarity.
D) Gemeinschaft relationships.

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Explain the difference between ascribed and achieved statuses,and give examples to support your answer.

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Ascribed statuses are those that are ass...

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William I.Thomas wrote from which perspective when observing that people respond not only to the objective features of a person or situation,but also to the meaning that person or situation has for them?


A) Functionalist perspective
B) Conflict perspective
C) Interactionist perspective
D) Feminist perspective

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Which of the following statements about social roles is correct?


A) The roles that belong to a social status are always performed in the same manner.
B) Social roles are always performed in the same manner by those holding ascribed,but not achieved,statuses.
C) Actual performance of a role varies from individual to individual.
D) Role expectations and actual role performances never vary.

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