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The __________ of the subcutaneous layer acts as a heat insulator.

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The granulations that appear during the healing of a large,open wound are composed mainly of


A) blood clots.
B) phagocytic cells.
C) fibroblasts surrounding blood vessels.
D) scar tissue.
E) dead keratinocytes.

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Which of the following is NOT a method for helping prevent pressure ulcer formation?


A) massaging the skin
B) eating foods rich in proteins
C) providing adequate fluid intake
D) maintaining one body position
E) stimulating blood flow

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Three physiological factors that affect the color of skin are: volume of blood in dermal vessels,carotene in the subcutaneous layer and various diseases.

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Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels located in the


A) epidermis.
B) dermis.
C) subcutaneous layer.
D) stratum corneum.
E) stratum basale.

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Dark hair contains an abundance of __________.

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A nail consists of a


A) nail fork and nail spoon.
B) nail bed and nail plate.
C) nail rail and nail groove.
D) nail follicle and nail papilla.
E) none of the above.

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Which of the following is NOT correct concerning the skin?


A) The dermis is usually thicker than the epidermis.
B) The epidermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelium.
C) The subcutaneous layer is between the dermis and the epidermis.
D) The dermis contains smooth muscle and nerve tissue.
E) The skin contains some immune cells.

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The __________ glands of the skin respond to emotional stress and begin to function at puberty.

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As cells are pushed from the deeper part of the epidermis toward the surface


A) they divide continually.
B) their supply of nutrients improves.
C) they die.
D) they become dermal cells.
E) they become cancerous.

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The most common cause of cutaneous melanoma is


A) relatively short exposure to high intensity sunlight.
B) prolonged exposure to low intensity sunlight.
C) occasional exposure to X-rays.
D) exposure to background radiation.
E) exposure to mutagenic chemicals.

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The human integumentary system includes


A) skin,nails,hair follicles,and glands.
B) just the skin.
C) the epidermis,dermis,and subcutaneous layer.
D) muscles and bones.
E) skin,hooves,and horns.

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Injections that are administered into the tissues of the skin are called


A) subcutaneous.
B) intradermal.
C) intramuscular.
D) hypodermic.
E) intravenous.

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The shaft of a hair is composed of


A) dead epidermal cells.
B) living epidermal cells.
C) dead dermal cells.
D) living dermal cells.
E) living fibroblasts.

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Hair color is determined by the amount of keratin protein produced during keratinization.

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In healthy skin,the production of epidermal cells is closely balanced with the loss of skin cells.

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The major blood vessels that supply skin cells are found in the


A) epidermis.
B) epidermis and dermis.
C) dermis.
D) subcutaneous layer.
E) bone.

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