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Exam 6: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

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Question 1

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Carl and Tulip are getting a divorce and want to know how they can best communicate the news to their young children. Ellen Galinsky and Judy David would suggest that

A) the children be told that the support they receive from their parents is bound to change.
B) it is best that only one parent be present while breaking the news.
C) it is best that this painful matter should not be discussed repeatedly with the children.
D) the children be told that they are not the cause of the separation.

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Question 2

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According to Freud, the moral element of personality is called the

A) id.
B) superid.
C) ego.
D) superego.

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Question 3

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Compare and contrast the three major social theories of gender. Which would you argue is the dominant approach today?

Which of the following involves thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding rules and conventions about what people should do in their interactions with other people?

Which of the following refers to activities engaged in for pleasure that include rules and often involve competition with one or more individuals?

Which statement best summarizes Daniel Berlyne's views about children's play?

A parent who uses a restrictive, punitive style to control the behavior of his or her children is a(n)

Tom and Katie have recently split up, but for the benefit of their child, they attempt to provide one another support in jointly raising their child. This is an example of

The psychoanalytic theory of gender stems from Freud's view that a preschool child develops a sexual attraction to the opposite-sex parent. Which of the following describes this condition in girls?

________ especially plays a key role in children's ability to manage the demands and conflicts they face in interacting with others. It is an important component of executive function.

Explain Eric Erikson's stage of initiative versus guilt. Provide an example of initiative and an example of guilt as it is used by Erikson.

The public and many professionals use the term child abuse to refer to both abuse and neglect; developmentalists increasingly use the term

Ben, a 12-year-old, judges the rightness or goodness of behavior by considering its consequences, not the intentions of the actor. In the context of Jean Piaget's theory of moral development, Ben will most likely be classified as a(n)

In the context of working parents, a consistent finding is that in contrast to children whose mothers are not employed outside the home, children of working mothers

Dante is a 10-year-old boy who likes to play soccer during recess. One day, a friend teaches him a different set of rules about the game. Dante accepts the rules and now plays soccer in a new way. Dante is in which stage of moral development?

According to Erik Erikson, the great governor of initiative is

According to Piaget's theory, from ________ years of age, children are in a transition showing some features of the first stage of moral reasoning and some features of the second stage, autonomous morality.

In the context of Jean Piaget's theory of moral development, which of the following is a characteristic of children showing heteronomous morality?

In the context of birth order, research indicates that firstborn children are ________ than later-born children.

List four characteristics that are generally associated with the firstborn child. Discuss what accounts for these differences.