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Exam 8: Socioemotional Development in Middle and Late Childhood

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following types of bullying is experienced more frequently by boys than girls?

A) subject of sexual comments or gestures
B) subject of rumors
C) belittled about religion or race
D) belittled about looks or speech

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Question 2

Multiple Choice

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The belief that one can master a situation and produce favorable outcomes is called

A) self-concept.
B) self-confidence.
C) self-efficacy.
D) self-esteem.

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Question 3

Multiple Choice

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Carol Dweck (2006) concluded that individuals have one of two mindsets, namely fixed mindset and ________ mindset.

With regard to morality, Nasrin believes that the focus should be on abstract principles rather than on relationships and concern for others. Therefore, she has a(n) ________ perspective on morality.

Angie's mother allows her to schedule her study and relaxation time on her own and, in turn, expects Angie to continue doing well in school and to discuss her activities ahead of time. Her mother frequently checks on her school progress and talks to her about her problems and her social life. In this context, Angie's mother's approach to parent-child relationships is most likely to be a process of

When Robert says, "I have brown eyes and black hair," it reflects Robert's

In the context of emotional and personality development, identify a true statement about perspective taking.

According to developmentalists, which of the following is a peer status among children?

According to Kenneth Dodge, aggressive boys are more likely to perceive another child's actions as hostile when

Students with ________ for learning may avoid many learning tasks, especially those that are challenging.

When asked why she participated with other students in a protest against the treatment of women on her university campus, Kai says that all human beings should have equal rights. According to Kai, the university has rules that are unfair to women; and she is morally against such discriminatory practices. Kai is likely operating at the ________ reasoning level of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory.

According to research studies, in which of the following areas do girls exhibit better skills than boys?

The extent to which children are liked or disliked by their peer group is called their ________ status.

In terms of self-understanding, children in late childhood are more likely than children in early childhood to

________ is also called self-worth or self-image.

In the context of the five peer statuses distinguished by developmentalists, ________ are frequently nominated both as someone's best friend and as being disliked.

How does the development of self-understanding change from middle to late childhood? Illustrate your answer with examples.

Karen believes that her qualities and learning abilities cannot change despite all her efforts. Therefore, she has decided not to try at all and let her grades plummet. In the context of Carol Dweck's description of mindsets, which of the following best describes Karen's mindset?

Lawrence Kohlberg studied moral development by

Which of the following functions of friendship involves providing encouragement and feedback, thus allowing children to maintain an impression of themselves as competent, attractive, and worthwhile individuals?