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The collapse of the Atlantic cod fishery in the early 1990s was the result of


A) pollution.
B) climate change.
C) introduced species.
D) overharvesting.

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Briefly describe what is known as the cause of the five past mass extinctions and the possible sixth mass extinction that may be under way.

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The five past mass extinctions are belie...

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The IUCN has defined categories to be applied to species based on their conservation status. The category "extinct in the wild" refers to a species that


A) was known to exist in the year 1500 but no individuals remain alive today.
B) was known to exist in the year 1900 but no individuals remain alive today.
C) can be found only in zoos or facilities that might be conducting captive breeding.
D) are found only in less than 1 percent of their original documented native habitat

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Which of the following is NOT an IUCN category relating to species assessment?


A) threatened
B) least concern
C) near-threatened
D) endangered

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The environmental organization called Conservation International describes a(n) _____ as an area that contains at least 1,500 endemic plant species and that has experienced at least a 70 percent vegetation loss due to human activity.


A) ecologically critical area
B) critically endangered habitat
C) critical species intervention site
D) biodiversity hotspot

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How many mass extinctions have occurred?


A) 5
B) 15
C) 10
D) 3

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The Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) has become critically endangered as a result of


A) pollution.
B) invasive species.
C) habitat loss.
D) climate change.

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