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Inherent risk refers to:


A) The possibility that a material misstatement will occur within the reporting company's accounting information system
B) The possibility that a material misstatement that has occurred will not be detected on a timely basis by the company's control system
C) The possibility that a material misstatement that has occurred will not be caught be the independent auditor's testing
D) The possibility that a material misstatement will occur in the financial statements

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Which of the following authors(s) focus(es) on "management's intent to deceive the stakeholders by using accounting devices to positively influence reported earnings?"


A) Dechow and Skinner
B) Healy and Wahlen
C) Schipper
D) Thomas E. McKee

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Needles suggests that making judgments about what earnings management is becomes difficult because:


A) It depends on management's intentions
B) There is no clear limit beyond which a choice is clearly unethical
C) A perfectly routine accounting estimate may be illegal and unethical
D) All of the above

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In the Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts (SFAC) No. 8. SFAC No. 8 the position about materiality is that:


A) It should always be determined only through qualitative evaluations
B) It should always be determined through quantitative evaluations
C) It should always be determined by considering whether the amount affects past financial statements
D) It should be determined by how the magnitude of the item would be viewed by a reasonable person

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Explain what is meant by "quality of earnings" including links to earnings management and audit committee responsibilities in evaluating the quality of earnings?

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The terms "quality of earnings" and "ear...

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The Xerox case deals with accounting for multiple deliverables. Explain what this means in the context of the Xerox fraud.

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The challenge of transactions with multi...

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An unusual aspect of the Green Mountain case is it included:


A) Conference calls that provided earnings guidance to shareholders and analysts were used to mask a financial fraud
B) Desire to meet or beat analysts' earnings expectations led to manipulation of receivables balances
C) Company violated the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
D) PricewaterhouseCoopers knew about inflated inventory values

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The best way to characterize the role of Sherron Watkins in the downfall of Enron is:


A) She directed the internal auditors to examine numerous transactions that led to the discovery of the fraud
B) She gave in to the pressure of Andy Fastow to go along with materially misstated financial statements
C) She was sent to jail even though she cooperated with the government in its case against Enron
D) She tried to alert Ken Lay about the accounting scandal at Enron

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Financial shenanigans involving recording revenue too soon includes all of the following except:


A) Recording revenue when future services are still to be provided
B) Recording revenue before shipment of a product
C) Recording revenue after customer acceptance
D) Recording revenue when the customer is not obligated to pay

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The Monsanto case centered around the:


A) Acceleration of revenue due to channel stuffing arrangements
B) Use of cookie jar reserves to manage earnings
C) Improperly accounting for rebates
D) Use of non-GAAP EPS

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Which of the following was not an accounting issue in the Sunbeam case?


A) Cookie jar reserves
B) Channel stuffing
C) Bill and hold sales
D) Swap transactions

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