Question 1

Which observation led Pavlov to begin studying the process of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dogs salivate more to meat than to vegetables.
B)   Dogs salivate when they expect to get food.
C)   Dogs don't learn from punishment.
D)   Dogs become accustomed to certain sounds and are able to ignore them.

Question 2

One of the effects of alcohol is to slow the heart rate. People who are addicted to alcohol may have an increase in heart rate when they smell or see alcohol. What is the term for this learned reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   habituation response
B)   conditioned compensatory response
C)   aversive conditioning response
D)   operant response

Question 3

A teacher states that all students who complete five word problems by the end of class will be exempt from homework. The teacher is using a __________ schedule of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A teacher states that all students who...

Question 4

In which of the following would the acquisition of a classically conditioned response be the fastest?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hugh rings a bell immediately after he gives his dog a treat.
B)   Hugh rings a bell and then gives his dog a treat 30 minutes later.
C)   Hugh rings a bell often, and gives the dog a treat after every fifth ring.
D)   Hugh rings a bell and then immediately gives his dog a treat.

Question 5

People are likely to develop phobias of things that are dangerous in the natural world, like snakes or bears, even if they never encounter those things in their lives. People are unlikely to develop phobias of modern equipment, like stoves or motorcycles, even if those items hurt them. Which of the following terms is used to help explain this odd fact?

Accepted Answer

A)   preparedness
B)   latent inhibition
C)   instinctive drift
D)   equipotentiality

Question 6

Normally, when food is placed in the mouth of any animal, the salivary glands start releasing saliva to help with chewing and digestion. In Pavlov's description of learning, salivation is

Accepted Answer

A)   a digestive reflux.
B)   conditioned response.
C)   an unconditioned response.
D)   a voluntary response.

Question 7

A grandmother gives her grandchild a cookie because the child cleaned her room. What is the cookie in this example?

Accepted Answer

A)   Punisher
B)   Positive reinforcer
C)   Negative reinforcer
D)   Conditioned response

Question 8

Tolman proposed that during learning trials, the rats in his experiments developed spatial representations of the maze. Those representations are called

Accepted Answer

A)   token economies.
B)   shaping.
C)   learning histories.
D)   cognitive maps.

Question 9

Thorndike's law of effect is most closely associated with which operant conditioning principle?

Accepted Answer

A)   Premack principle
B)   Negative reinforcement
C)   Punishment
D)   Positive reinforcement

Question 10

Watson's experiment with Little Albert demonstrated that fears might be

Accepted Answer

A)   based on classical conditioning.
B)   deeply rooted in the innate unconscious of infants.
C)   based on the principle of observational learning.
D)   based on Skinner's analysis of positive reinforcement.

Question 11

What has occurred when there is a decrease in the likelihood or rate of a target response?

Accepted Answer

A)   Punishment
B)   Positive reinforcement
C)   Negative reinforcement
D)   Appetitive conditioning

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cheyenne was a good girl at daycare, so she doesn't have to help set the table for dinner.
B)   Zane did his chores when he got home from school, so his mother let him play video games.
C)   Devin was crying because he wanted a treat, so his parents gave him a treat to stop his crying.
D)   Kennedy was teasing her brother, so her mother gave her a time-out.

Question 13

Which of the following phenomena provide evidence that we can learn new things even in the absence of reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)   generalization.
B)   extinction.
C)   latent learning.
D)   spontaneous recovery.

Question 14

Steve gets yelled at each time that he acts up in class. As a result, he has started acting up even more in class. This is an example of operant concept?

Accepted Answer

A)   negative reinforcement
B)   negative punishment
C)   positive reinforcement
D)   positive punishment

Question 15

Which type of learning changes the likelihood of voluntary behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)   operant conditioning.
B)   classical conditioning.
C)   Pavlovian conditioning.
D)   spontaneous recovery.

Question 16

In classical conditioning, acquisition can be described as the process in which

Accepted Answer

A)   the CS produces the UCR.
B)   the CR is weakened.
C)   the CS is associated with the UCS.
D)   the UCS produces the CR.

Question 17

Which of the intermittent schedules produces the highest rates of responding?

Accepted Answer

A)   Variable ratio
B)   Fixed ratio
C)   Fixed interval
D)   Variable interval

Question 18

Renata doesn't like to check her email because when she does there is usually a nasty message from her coworker. This is an example of which operant concept?

Accepted Answer

A)   negative reinforcement
B)   negative punishment
C)   positive reinforcement
D)   positive punishment

Question 19

__________ occurs when we respond more strongly over time to a repeated stimulus, and __________ occurs when we respond less strongly over time to a repeated stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)   Sensitization; habituation
B)   Habituation; adaptation
C)   Adaptation; sensitization
D)   Habituation; sensitization

Question 20

According to the theory of classical conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus is

Accepted Answer

A)   the stimulus that automatically triggers a response when presented.
B)   the stimulus that triggers a conditioned response.
C)   the stimulus that triggers a response after being paired with another stimulus.
D)   the stimulus that triggers a response after being paired with a conditioned stimulus.

Exam 6: Learning

Steve gets yelled at each time that he acts up in class. As a result, he has started acting up even more in class. This is an example of operant concept?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the intermittent schedules produces the highest rates of responding?

Correct Answer
verified

Tolman proposed that during learning trials, the rats in his experiments developed spatial representations of the maze. Those representations are called

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following phenomena provide evidence that we can learn new things even in the absence of reinforcement?

Correct Answer
verified

Which observation led Pavlov to begin studying the process of classical conditioning?

Correct Answer
verified

In classical conditioning, acquisition can be described as the process in which

Correct Answer
verified

One of the effects of alcohol is to slow the heart rate. People who are addicted to alcohol may have an increase in heart rate when they smell or see alcohol. What is the term for this learned reaction?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A grandmother gives her grandchild a cookie because the child cleaned her room. What is the cookie in this example?

Correct Answer
verified

Thorndike's law of effect is most closely associated with which operant conditioning principle?

Correct Answer
verified

According to the theory of classical conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus is

Correct Answer
verified

A teacher states that all students who complete five word problems by the end of class will be exempt from homework. The teacher is using a __________ schedule of reinforcement.

Correct Answer
verified

Normally, when food is placed in the mouth of any animal, the salivary glands start releasing saliva to help with chewing and digestion. In Pavlov's description of learning, salivation is

Correct Answer
verified

Renata doesn't like to check her email because when she does there is usually a nasty message from her coworker. This is an example of which operant concept?

Correct Answer
verified

In which of the following would the acquisition of a classically conditioned response be the fastest?

Correct Answer
verified

occurs when we respond more strongly over time to a repeated stimulus, and occurs when we respond less strongly over time to a repeated stimulus.

Correct Answer
verified

What has occurred when there is a decrease in the likelihood or rate of a target response?

Correct Answer
verified

Which type of learning changes the likelihood of voluntary behaviour?

Correct Answer
verified

Watson's experiment with Little Albert demonstrated that fears might be

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Learning

Steve gets yelled at each time that he acts up in class. As a result, he has started acting up even more in class. This is an example of operant concept?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the intermittent schedules produces the highest rates of responding?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tolman proposed that during learning trials, the rats in his experiments developed spatial representations of the maze. Those representations are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following phenomena provide evidence that we can learn new things even in the absence of reinforcement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which observation led Pavlov to begin studying the process of classical conditioning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning, acquisition can be described as the process in which

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the effects of alcohol is to slow the heart rate. People who are addicted to alcohol may have an increase in heart rate when they smell or see alcohol. What is the term for this learned reaction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A grandmother gives her grandchild a cookie because the child cleaned her room. What is the cookie in this example?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thorndike's law of effect is most closely associated with which operant conditioning principle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the theory of classical conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A teacher states that all students who complete five word problems by the end of class will be exempt from homework. The teacher is using a __________ schedule of reinforcement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normally, when food is placed in the mouth of any animal, the salivary glands start releasing saliva to help with chewing and digestion. In Pavlov's description of learning, salivation is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Renata doesn't like to check her email because when she does there is usually a nasty message from her coworker. This is an example of which operant concept?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following would the acquisition of a classically conditioned response be the fastest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________ occurs when we respond more strongly over time to a repeated stimulus, and __________ occurs when we respond less strongly over time to a repeated stimulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What has occurred when there is a decrease in the likelihood or rate of a target response?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of learning changes the likelihood of voluntary behaviour?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Watson's experiment with Little Albert demonstrated that fears might be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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occurs when we respond more strongly over time to a repeated stimulus, and occurs when we respond less strongly over time to a repeated stimulus.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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