Question 1

Using different words for two very similar objects enables people to recognize conceptual distinctions between the objects. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   telegraphic speech.
B)   linguistic determinism.
C)   process simulation.
D)   productive language.

Question 2

The word "chimps" contains ________ phoneme(s)  and ________ morpheme(s) .

Accepted Answer

A)   5; 2
B)   6; 1
C)   2; 5
D)   1; 6

Question 3

Research on the language capabilities of apes clearly demonstrates that they have the capacity to

Accepted Answer

A)   vocalize the most common vowel sounds.
B)   acquire language vocabulary as rapidly as most children.
C)   communicate through the use of symbols.
D)   do all of these things.

Question 4

Rico, the border collie, can fetch 200 items by name. If asked to retrieve a toy with a name he has never heard before, Rico will fetch a toy that is

Accepted Answer

A)   a prototype.
B)   new.
C)   most easily available.
D)   broken.

Question 5

Which of the following BEST describes Chomsky's view of language development?

Accepted Answer

A)   Language is an entirely learned ability.
B)   Language is an innate ability.
C)   Humans have a biological predisposition to acquire language.
D)   There are no cultural influences on the development of language.

Question 6

Introductory psychology students facing a midterm exam one week later spent five minutes each day visualizing themselves reading their assigned chapters, going over their notes, and eliminating study distractions. This ________ simulation had a ________ effect on their exam scores.

Accepted Answer

A)   process; negative
B)   outcome; positive
C)   process; positive
D)   outcome; negative

Question 7

The two-word stage of language development typically begins at the age of ________ months.

Accepted Answer

A)   6
B)   10
C)   24
D)   36

Question 8

Our ability to learn a new language

Accepted Answer

A)   diminishes with age.
B)   is limited by a sharply defined critical period.
C)   remains constant throughout our lives.
D)   depends on the language.

Question 9

Language refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)   smallest distinctive sound units.
B)   rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences.
C)   spoken, written, or signed words and the ways they are combined to communicate meaning.
D)   rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes.

Question 10

Beatrice and Allen Gardner taught the chimpanzee Washoe to communicate by means of

Accepted Answer

A)   pictures.
B)   Morse code.
C)   sign language.
D)   English letters.

Question 11

By about age 7, those who have not been exposed to either a spoken or a signed language gradually lose their ability to master any language. This illustrates the importance of ________ for language acquisition.

Accepted Answer

A)   a critical period
B)   an outcome simulation
C)   telegraphic speech
D)   linguistic determinism

Question 12

The English language has approximately ________ phonemes.

Accepted Answer

A)   25
B)   30
C)   40
D)   45

Question 13

Infants are first able to discriminate speech sounds during the ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)   one-word
B)   telegraphic
C)   babbling
D)   syntactic

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT true of babbling?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is imitation of adult speech.
B)   It is the same in all cultures.
C)   It typically occurs from about age 4 months to 1 year.
D)   Babbling increasingly comes to resemble a particular language.

Question 15

Damage to ________ will usually cause a person to lose the ability to comprehend language.

Accepted Answer

A)   any area of the brain
B)   Broca's area
C)   Wernicke's area
D)   frontal lobe association areas

Question 16

When you add s to the word apple you are referring to more than one apple. This illustrates an English language rule of

Accepted Answer

A)   semantics.
B)   statistics.
C)   syntax.
D)   telegraphic speech.

Question 17

According to the text, language acquisition is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)   the result of conditioning and reinforcement.
B)   a biological process of maturation.
C)   an interaction between biology and experience.
D)   a mystery of which researchers have no real understanding.

Question 18

Whorf's linguistic determinism hypothesis emphasizes that

Accepted Answer

A)   infancy is a critical period for language development.
B)   all languages share a similar grammar.
C)   our linguistic proficiencies influence our social status.
D)   words shape the way people think.

Question 19

Human language appears to have evolved from

Accepted Answer

A)   cultural diversity.
B)   gestured communication.
C)   a process simulation.
D)   a critical period.

Question 20

Many people who are bilingual experience a different sense of self, depending on which language they are using. This most clearly illustrates the implications of

Accepted Answer

A)   Whorf's linguistic determinism hypothesis.
B)   Wernicke's speech theory.
C)   Gardner's language theory.
D)   Chomsky's language acquisition theory.

Exam 28: Language and Thought

Our ability to learn a new language

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The word "chimps" contains ________ phoneme(s) and ________ morpheme(s) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Human language appears to have evolved from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants are first able to discriminate speech sounds during the ________ stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following BEST describes Chomsky's view of language development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Whorf's linguistic determinism hypothesis emphasizes that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Introductory psychology students facing a midterm exam one week later spent five minutes each day visualizing themselves reading their assigned chapters, going over their notes, and eliminating study distractions. This ________ simulation had a ________ effect on their exam scores.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two-word stage of language development typically begins at the age of ________ months.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rico, the border collie, can fetch 200 items by name. If asked to retrieve a toy with a name he has never heard before, Rico will fetch a toy that is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Damage to ________ will usually cause a person to lose the ability to comprehend language.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By about age 7, those who have not been exposed to either a spoken or a signed language gradually lose their ability to master any language. This illustrates the importance of ________ for language acquisition.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Beatrice and Allen Gardner taught the chimpanzee Washoe to communicate by means of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Language refers to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you add s to the word apple you are referring to more than one apple. This illustrates an English language rule of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on the language capabilities of apes clearly demonstrates that they have the capacity to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many people who are bilingual experience a different sense of self, depending on which language they are using. This most clearly illustrates the implications of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true of babbling?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Using different words for two very similar objects enables people to recognize conceptual distinctions between the objects. This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The English language has approximately ________ phonemes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, language acquisition is best described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The word "chimps" contains phoneme(s) and morpheme(s) .

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Introductory psychology students facing a midterm exam one week later spent five minutes each day visualizing themselves reading their assigned chapters, going over their notes, and eliminating study distractions. This simulation had a effect on their exam scores.

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