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What atmospheric gas is common in the outer planets but rare in the inner planets?


A) hydrogen
B) argon
C) nitrogen
D) carbon dioxide

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___________disintegrate and burn up as shooting stars; ___________ survive an impact event and a trip through Earth's atmosphere.


A) Meteoroids; meteorites
B) Meteors; meteoroids
C) Meteorites; meteors
D) Meteors; meteorites

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Why do geologists use the radiometric age of meteorites as a guide to age of the solar system?


A) The meteorites have been isolated in the cold vacuum of space since their formation, so they have seen no significant heating since the time of their formation.
B) The meteorites have compositions close to Earth materials, so we assume they formed at the same time.
C) The geologists are guessing because they yield some of the oldest radiometric ages.
D) The meteorites date the time of formation of a dead planet and don't have anything to do with the age of the solar system.

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Regolith is not a true soil because it___________ .


A) is not on Earth
B) has no rock material
C) lacks organic material
D) is not formed in a dense atmosphere

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The largest known volcano in the solar system is on___________ .


A) Earth
B) Mars
C) Mercury
D) Venus

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Which of the following characterizes the history of impacts on Earth as deduced by impact history on other terrestrial planets?


A) All major impacts occurred in the first 100 million years after the solar system formed.
B) Impacts were more intense in the early history of Earth but have continued at about half the rate of bombardment since about 4.4 billion years ago.
C) Impacts continued at a fairly constant rate throughout the 4.5 billion year history of the solar system.
D) Impact rates were very high in the early history of Earth, but dropped off after about the first 1 billion years of Earth history to a nearly constant rate since that time.

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Which of these lunar features is the oldest?


A) lunar soil
B) rayed craters like Copernicus
C) lunar highlands
D) maria basins

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Although its atmosphere is less dense than Earth's, dust storms and sand dunes indicate wind action occurs on___________ .


A) Earth
B) Mars
C) Mercury
D) Venus

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Why has it been so difficult to examine the surface of Venus with unmanned probes?


A) The air pressure at the surface is equivalent to a water depth of nearly 1km on Earth, and temperatures are very high, which tends to destroy the probes.
B) Solar radiation is so intense that probes are lost before they reach Venus.
C) The atmosphere is so cloudy that it interferes with radio wave signals from earth, making communication with a probe difficult.
D) The Venesian magnetic field is so strong it destroys electronics on the probes.

Correct Answer

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Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.


A) Callisto
B) Titan
C) Phobos
D) Pluto

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Rayed craters on the Moon, such as Copernicus, formed ___________.


A) around the time of the Big Bang
B) early in Moon's history
C) relatively recently in the Moon's history
D) prior to the formation of the maria

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Which of these planets has rings?


A) Jupiter
B) Saturn
C) Neptune
D) All of these

Correct Answer

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In the science fiction book series "Red Mars, Green Mars, Blue Mars" the author spins a story of "terraforming" Mars with the formation of oceans and a breathable atmosphere by the end of the series. The author describes a scenario, however, where the inhabitants of this fictional world were able to live relatively normally on most of the world but not on Olympus Mons and the Tharsus region. Assuming you could create a breathable atmosphere as described in the books, is the description of where you might live on Mars realistic, or just spinning a yarn?


A) No, it is absurd. Even with an atmosphere, it would be too cold to live anywhere on Mars.
B) No, because these regions are so rugged it would be impossible to live in the Martian mountains, regardless of an atmosphere or not.
C) No, because you could use water ice from these high altitude sites whereas there is no water at lower elevations on Mars.
D) Yes, because Olympus Mons and the Tharsus region are higher above the Martian plains than Mt. Everest, so the air would always be dramatically thinner and colder there, even with an Earth atmosphere.

Correct Answer

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Which one of the following statements is believed to be true of comets?


A) Their bright, glowing appearance in the night sky is due to frictional heating in Earth's atmosphere.
B) They have highly elliptical orbits around the Sun.
C) They may gain slightly in mass with each orbit around the Sun.
D) They are composed mostly of dense rock particles.

Correct Answer

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Pluto is now classified as a ___________ in our solar system.


A) dwarf planet
B) terrestrial planet
C) comet
D) Jovian planet

Correct Answer

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___________has the great, dark spot on its surface.


A) Jupiter
B) Uranus
C) Venus
D) Mars

Correct Answer

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Most of the Moon's craters were produced by ___________.


A) faulting
B) volcanic eruptions
C) the impact of meteoroids
D) radial implosions

Correct Answer

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Which one of the following is most likely to be associated both with impact craters and with volcanic calderas that originate by collapse?


A) landslides and other mass wasting movements along the walls of the depression
B) sharp rims that rise well above the surrounding area far away from the edge of the depression
C) outwardly radiating, fragmental, bright, surface streaks
D) sharp, central peaks that rise above the floor of the depression

Correct Answer

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The surface features of ___________are known only through satellite radar mapping.


A) Mars
B) Jupiter
C) Mercury
D) Venus

Correct Answer

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The planet with the highest density is a___________ .


A) Jovian planet
B) planetessimal
C) terrestrial planet
D) dwarf planet

Correct Answer

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