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When a sociologist actually joins a group for a period to get an accurate sense of how it operates,the approach is called


A) an experiment.
B) ethnography.
C) face-to-face interview.
D) participant observation.

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An artificially created situation that allows the researcher to manipulate variables and to introduce control variables is known as a(n)


A) survey.
B) experiment.
C) replication.
D) research design.

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Discuss the issue of ethics and social research.Give examples of how research could be harmful to human life.

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The issue of ethics in social research i...

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Citing confidentiality reasons,the ASA's Code of Ethics does not require researchers to disclose the funding sources of their studies.

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A sociologist decides to study the interaction among students in the college's computer center.When the students realize they are under observation,they become shy and reserved in their interactions.This is an example of


A) replication.
B) secondary analysis.
C) the Hawthorne effect.
D) value neutrality.

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Sociologists consider secondary analysis to be


A) more valid than other forms of research.
B) more reliable than other forms of research.
C) a nonreactive form of research.
D) an outdated mode of research.

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Which of the following existing data sources is used most frequently for sociological research?


A) census data
B) scientific records
C) personal journals
D) newspapers

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Correlations are an indication that causality is always present.

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Which of the following is true regarding feminist researchers?


A) tend to involve and consult subjects more
B) more oriented toward seeking change
C) generally want to raise public consciousness
D) All of these answers are correct.

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People may behave differently in artificial situations than they would in the "real world." This poses a particular problem for researchers using


A) questionnaires.
B) content analysis.
C) replication.
D) laboratory experiments.

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The relationship between a condition or a variable and a particular consequence,with one event leading to the other,is known as


A) observation.
B) causal logic.
C) a correlation.
D) an index.

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Which of the following is NOT incorporated into the basic principles of the code of ethics for sociology?


A) a required number of data sources
B) respect for subjects' privacy
C) acknowledgment of research collaboration
D) disclosure of sources of financial support

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Which of the following terms is used to describe a systematic,organized series of steps that ensures maximum objectivity and consistency in researching a problem?


A) scientific method
B) social science
C) experiment
D) value neutrality

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Which sociologist argued that sociological research should be open to bringing about social change and to drawing on relevant research by nonsociologists?


A) Jane Poulson
B) Joyce Ladner
C) Shulamit Reinharz
D) Karen Barkey

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What is a popular form of summary many sociologists utilize to quickly and clearly show a relationship between two variables?


A) cross-tabulation
B) median
C) mode
D) mean

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