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The mechanism whereby the organization seeks to earn a profit by selling its goods is known as


A) comparative advantage.
B) competitive advantage.
C) the business model.
D) none of the above

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The term strategy refers primarily to activities at the top level of the organization.

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True

According to the scientific perspective of strategic planning,


A) strategy formulation is not as critical as strategy execution.
B) the business environment is seen as largely objective,analyzable,and at least somewhat predictable.
C) creativity is vital and can only be generated when flexibility is applied to the strategy process.
D) All of the above.

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The strategy actually implemented by management is known as the


A) intended strategy.
B) emergent strategy.
C) realized strategy.
D) effective strategy.

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Should steps in the strategic management process be completed sequentially?

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a.The answer depends on one's perspectiv...

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Which of the following distinctions is not associated with strategic decision-making?


A) It represents a systematic,comprehensive analysis.
B) It involves choices.
C) It is both short-term and long-term oriented.
D) It is distinctively opportunistic.

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The notion of strategy assumes


A) that experts in strategic planning are employed by the organization.
B) that managers have time to develop formal strategic plans.
C) that the organizational already has a plan.
D) All of the above.

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Top management teams


A) tend to include fewer managers in centralized organizations.
B) usually include mostly top level managers.
C) may include non-managers.
D) All of the above.

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The concept of strategic management includes


A) top management's analysis of the environment in which the organization operate
B) the plan for strategy execution
C) strategic control efforts.
D) All of the above

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Which of the following perspectives assumes that industry structure is the primary influence on firm performance?


A) Industrial organization theory
B) Resource-based theory
C) Contingency theory
D) None of the above

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A

Who makes strategic decisions? Who is responsible for the outcomes? Explain.

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a.Answers should emphasize the fact that...

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The chief executive is held responsible for the effects of strategic decisions.

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If intended strategies are often not realized,then why should top managers invest time and energy into the strategic management process?

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a.Answers should emphasize that although...

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Should strategic managers adopt a scientific perspective or an artistic perspective on strategy? Explain.

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a.There are two different perspectives o...

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Which of the following is not a factor usually associated with an effective strategy?


A) Top managers rely on outside strategic planners for creativity and analysis.
B) Plans for putting the strategy into action are designed with specificity before it is implemented.
C) Strategic managers understand how the organization's resources translate into strengths and weaknesses.
D) Possible future changes in the proposed strategy are evaluated before the strategy is adopted.

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Which of the following is not a factor usually associated with an effective strategy?


A) The strategy is consistent with them mission and the goals of the organization.
B) Plans for putting the strategy into action are designed with specificity before it is implemented.
C) Strategic managers understand how the organization's resources translate into strengths and weaknesses.
D) All of the above are factors usually associated with an effective strategy.

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A gap between the intended and realized strategies


A) rarely exists.
B) exists only when management does a poor job of research.
C) suggests middle management ineffectiveness.
D) None of the above.

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Which strategic planning approach has been endorsed by most strategy scholars?


A) Conceptual perspective
B) Artistic perspective
C) Scientific perspective
D) None of the above.

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Which of the following perspectives may be viewed as a "middle ground" between the other two?


A) Industrial organization theory
B) Resource-based theory
C) Contingency theory
D) None of the above

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The gap between intended and realized strategies usually results from middle management ineffectiveness.

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False

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