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Exam 6: Learning

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Question 141

Multiple Choice

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In classical conditioning,an organism forms associations between

A) immediate and delayed reinforcers.
B) events that it does not control.
C) primary and secondary reinforcers.
D) its own behavior and resulting outcomes.

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Question 142

Multiple Choice

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Extrinsic rewards for engaging in tasks people already enjoy can improve performance without destroying intrinsic motivation if the rewards

A) are mentally associated with task completion.
B) are delivered on a continuous reinforcement schedule.
C) informatively signal that performance was well done.
D) function as secondary reinforcers.

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Question 143

Multiple Choice

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An organism learns associations between events it does not control during the process of

The best evidence that animals develop cognitive maps comes from studies of

When Evie saw that her classmates got the teacher's attention after asking questions in class,Evie started asking questions in class.This best illustrates the impact of

Vicky once loved the taste of carrots.But after eating carrots contaminated by nausea-producing toxins,she developed a taste aversion to carrots.This best illustrates the impact of

Receiving delicious food is to escaping electric shock as ________ is to ________.

During a typical morning,Colin checks the clock frequently before being reinforced with confirmation that the time for his regularly scheduled lunch break has arrived.In this case,Colin's behavior is reinforced on a ________ schedule.

To assess whether Mrs.Webster had suffered a brain injury,researchers conditioned her to blink in response to a sound that signaled the delivery of a puff of air directed toward her face.In this application of classical conditioning,the sound was a

The tendency for a CR to be evoked by stimuli similar to the CS is called

Researchers are studying how rapidly a hungry pigeon in a confined cage will learn to peck at a lighted disk in order to receive food.The researchers are most clearly using a(n) ________ to study learning.

Tendencies developed through evolutionary history that predispose members of a species to learn some associations more readily than others are

Research on the role of cognitive processes in learning indicates that the strength of a conditioned response depends primarily on the ________ of the CS-US association.

The type of learning in which one comes to associate two stimuli and thereby anticipate events is called

Some teachers have reduced the disruptive classroom behavior of students by imposing a time-out following troublesome behavior.In this case,the time-out is a

Classical conditioning is to ________ as operant conditioning is to ________.

In Pavlov's experiments on the salivary conditioning of dogs,the CS was

Children often learn to associate their pushing a vending machine button with the delivery of a candy bar.This best illustrates the process underlying

Learning associations between one's own personal actions and resulting events is most relevant to the process of

Compared with continuous reinforcement,intermittent reinforcement is associated with