Exam 18: Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

A) The immune system is not involved in rheumatoid arthritis.
B) Weight loss intensifies the pain in the hands from osteoarthritis.
C) Weight-bearing exercises often aggravate the pain from osteoarthritis.
D) Supplements of glucosamine and chondroitin seem to reduce the pain of arthritis.

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A) 70-77 years
B) 78-85 years
C) 85-89 years
D) 90-93 years

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A) soybeans
B) aged cheeses
C) acid-forming foods
D) cruciferous vegetables

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A) high in simple sugars, low in canned fruit
B) high in animal protein, low in canned fruit
C) low in polyunsaturated fat, high in oleic acid
D) low in saturated fat, high in omega-3 fatty acids

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A) It inhibits monoamine oxidase activity.
B) It doubles the bleeding time of wounds.
C) It increases production of prostaglandins that enhance fever.
D) It is excreted very rapidly in people taking vitamin C supplements.

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A) Elderly people do not feel thirsty or recognize dryness of the mouth.
B) Elderly people have a higher total body water content compared with younger adults.
C) Elderly people show increased frequency of urination, which results in higher requirements.
D) Elderly people frequently show symptoms of overhydration such as mental lapses and disorientation.

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A) The cost of administering congregate meals is lower.
B) There are more social benefits to congregate meals.
C) Nutritional benefits are greater with congregate meals.
D) More meals per week are served with congregate meals.

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A) Nutrient needs vary according to individual histories.
B) Nutrient needs remain the same as in young adult life.
C) Nutrient needs increase; therefore, supplementation is required.
D) Nutrient needs decrease for vitamins and minerals due to changes in body composition.

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A) Intern A: Try to lose enough weight to achieve a desirable BMI.
B) Intern B: Try to incorporate soft fruits and cooked vegetables into the diet.
C) Intern C: Try to avoid sodas that contain caffeine as they may contribute to dehydration.
D) Intern D: Try to drink at least 6 glasses of water a day (or the equivalent in fruit juices) .

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A) The quality of life among older people has not improved since 1995.
B) Older people spend less money on foods to eat at home than younger people.
C) People over 65 are less likely to lose weight by dieting than are younger people.
D) Most older people think of themselves as generally unhappy and in poor health.

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A) 45 years
B) 55 years
C) 65 years
D) 75 years

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A) It relieves depression.
B) It promotes weight loss.
C) It promotes weight gain.
D) It lowers blood pressure.

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A) 62-68 years
B) 76-81 years
C) 82-86 years
D) 87-90 years

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A) It acts as a sedative and barbiturate.
B) It promotes wound healing and blood clotting.
C) It interferes with the synthesis of prostaglandins.
D) It binds to nerve receptors involved in pain perception.

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A) a decrease in free radicals
B) an increase in beta-amyloid
C) an increase in acetylcholine synthesis
D) a decrease in homocysteine synthesis

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A) Improvements in longevity depend on reducing energy intake but not on the amount of body fat.
B) Restriction of energy intake in genetically obese animals does not seem to improve longevity.
C) Biochemical markers for longevity in humans are improved only when energy intake is reduced by at least one-third.
D) The activities of the genes of older mice on energy-restricted diets are similar to those of mice on standard diets.

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