Question 1

-All of the following are the effects of aging on the muscular system EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   reduction in muscle mass
B)   increase in response time to stimulus
C)   reduction in number of motor units
D)   reduction in surface area of the neuromuscular junction
E)   increase in the number of myofilaments in each fiberF) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 2

Muscles that work together to cause movement are called

Accepted Answer

A)   origins.
B)   insertions.
C)   synergists.
D)   antagonists.
E)   prime movers.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

In a neuromuscular junction,

Accepted Answer

A)   the presynaptic terminal is separated from the postsynaptic terminal by the synaptic cleft.
B)   the presynaptic terminal contains vesicles filled with sodium ions.
C)   the presynaptic terminal contains receptor molecules for the neurotransmitter.
D)   the neurotransmitter causes an action potential in the presynaptic terminal.
E)   all of these conditions occur.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 4

If someone winks at you, they are using their

Accepted Answer

A)   zygomaticus muscles.
B)   occipitofrontalis muscle.
C)   orbicularis oculi.
D)   depressor anguli oris.
E)   orbicularis oris.F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 5

Aerobic respiration:

Accepted Answer

A)   requires oxygen
B)   breaks down glucose
C)   produces ATP, CO2 and H2O
D)   takes place in mitochondria located within the muscle fiber sarcoplasm
E)   all of these are true of aerobic respirationF) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 6

Satellite cells:

Accepted Answer

A)   are undifferentiated cells below the endomysium
B)   can differentiate and divide into new functional muscle fibers
C)   are stimulated by the destruction of existing muscle fibers
D)   are stimulated by intensive strength training
E)   all of these are true of satellite cellsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Excitability is the ability of skeletal muscle to

Accepted Answer

A)   shorten with force.
B)   lengthen passively.
C)   respond to a stimulus.
D)   recoil to their original resting length.
E)   be stretched.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 8

A chemical that is considered an acetylcholine antagonist:

Accepted Answer

A)   increases the activity of acetylcholine
B)   decreases or prevents the activity of acetylcholine
C)   magnifies the effect of acetylcholine on the neuromuscular junction
D)   causes the release of acetylcholine
E)   magnifies the effect of acetylcholine on the neuromuscular junction and causes the release of acetylcholineF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Curare is a poison used by South American Indians. It is known to bind to ACh receptors preventing the binding of ACh. What effect would it have on muscle function?

Accepted Answer

A)   The muscle fibers would contract uncontrollably and continually.
B)   The muscle fibers would not contract because the Na+ channels which cause depolarization of the muscle fiber membrane are never signaled to open.
C)   The pre-synaptic release of ACh would be inhibited, therefore the muscle would not contract.
D)   The action of acetylcholinesterase would be inhibited causing increased contraction.
E)   Both the muscle fibers would contract uncontrollably and continually and the action of acetylcholinesterase would be inhibited causing increased contraction would occur.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

In a resting cell, K+ ions have a higher concentration ______ the cell, which results in the net movement of K+ _______ of the cell.

Accepted Answer

A)   inside; out
B)   outside; into
C)   inside; into
D)   outside; outE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Which of the following muscles are used to elevate the larynx?

Accepted Answer

A)   the masseter
B)   the soft palate muscles
C)   the hyoid muscles
D)   the pharyngeal constrictors
E)   the sternocleidomastoidF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

The normal resting cell membrane is the most permeable to

Accepted Answer

A)   sodium ions
B)   potassium ions
C)   negatively charged proteins
D)   calcium ions
E)   magnesium ionsF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 13

The anterior hip muscle that flexes the thigh is the

Accepted Answer

A)   iliopsoas.
B)   gluteus medius.
C)   tensor fascia latae.
D)   gluteus maximus.
E)   entire gluteal group.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

In __________ contraction the amount of tension increases during contraction, but the length of the muscle does not change.

Accepted Answer

A)   concentric
B)   isotonic
C)   eccentric
D)   isometricE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

The characteristic that allows muscles to have a slow, smooth, sustained contraction is

Accepted Answer

A)   the all-or-none response.
B)   temporal summation.
C)   recruitment of motor units.
D)   anaerobic respiration.
E)   rigor mortis.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

Cardiac muscle

Accepted Answer

A)   is under involuntary control.
B)   has long, cylindrical cells
C)   has many nuclei per cell.
D)   has no striations.
E)   has all of these characteristics.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

The specific molecules that provide calcium binding sites on actin are __________ molecules.

Accepted Answer

A)   troponin
B)   tropomyosin
C)   titin
D)   myosinE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 18

A muscle fiber will not respond to a stimulus until that stimulus reaches the

Accepted Answer

A)   tetany.
B)   relaxation level.
C)   rigor mortis level.
D)   threshold level.
E)   recruitment level.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following motor units would allow for greater muscular control?

Accepted Answer

A)   a motor unit made up of a motor neuron and five muscle fibers.
B)   a motor unit made up of a motor neuron and ten muscle fibers.
C)   a motor unit made up of a motor neuron and twenty muscle fibers.
D)   a motor unit made up of a motor neuron and one hundred muscle fibers.
E)   a motor unit made up of a motor neuron and one thousand muscle fibers.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 20

Actin myofilaments

Accepted Answer

A)   resemble bundles of minute golf clubs.
B)   are attached to Z lines at one end.
C)   form the I band where actin overlaps with myosin myofilaments.
D)   form the epimysium.
E)   have all of these characteristics.F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Exam 7: Muscular System

Aerobic respiration:

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In a neuromuscular junction,

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The normal resting cell membrane is the most permeable to

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Which of the following motor units would allow for greater muscular control?

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The specific molecules that provide calcium binding sites on actin are __________ molecules.

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In __________ contraction the amount of tension increases during contraction, but the length of the muscle does not change.

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The anterior hip muscle that flexes the thigh is the

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Curare is a poison used by South American Indians. It is known to bind to ACh receptors preventing the binding of ACh. What effect would it have on muscle function?

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Satellite cells:

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Cardiac muscle

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-All of the following are the effects of aging on the muscular system EXCEPT:

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A chemical that is considered an acetylcholine antagonist:

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Muscles that work together to cause movement are called

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A muscle fiber will not respond to a stimulus until that stimulus reaches the

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Which of the following muscles are used to elevate the larynx?

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The characteristic that allows muscles to have a slow, smooth, sustained contraction is

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If someone winks at you, they are using their

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Actin myofilaments

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In a resting cell, K+ ions have a higher concentration ______ the cell, which results in the net movement of K+ _______ of the cell.

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Excitability is the ability of skeletal muscle to

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In a resting cell, K⁺ ions have a higher concentration the cell, which results in the net movement of K⁺ _ of the cell.

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