Question 1

According to Freud, the psychosexual stage that occurs during the grade school years until puberty is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)   latency stage.
B)   oral stage.
C)   anal stage.
D)   phallic stage.

Question 2

Humanist psychology is sometimes called "the third force" in psychology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Raymond B. Cattell advanced the study of personality by applying a statistical method called
case-study analysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Although Carl Jung was fascinated with the darker aspect of human personality, he also had confidence in
the positive strength of the ego.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The personality theorist who described the importance of having peak experiences was:

Accepted Answer

A)   Abraham Maslow.
B)   Carl Rogers.
C)   Rollo May.
D)   Karen Horney.

Question 6

When childrearing methods are studied, researchers have found that:

Accepted Answer

A)   almost all children have lasting emotional damage if their parents use abusive methods.
B)   loving parents who are consistent in their childrearing seldom have troubled children.
C)   the shared environment of the home has little if any influence on personality.
D)   parents adopt a preferred method of childrearing and seldom vary it from child to child.

Question 7

A psychologist is studying how a society's shared rules, along with the values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by most members of that community, affect the behavior of individuals. This research could be described as investigating the effect of _____________ on behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   culture
B)   the collective unconscious
C)   shared environment
D)   reciprocal determinism

Question 8

_______________ occurs when a person's own unacceptable or threatening feelings are repressed and then attributed to someone else.

Accepted Answer

A)   Projection
B)   Sublimation
C)   Displacement
D)   Denial

Question 9

To object-relations theorists, the central problem in life is to find a balance between the need for
independence and the need for others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In the 1960s, a group of psychologists argued that it was time for a "third force" in psychology. What were the first two forces that were perceived as inadequate in explaining human behavior? What alternate perspective would be taken by the "third force" in describing human personality?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 11

Which of the following is true of an individualist culture?

Accepted Answer

A)   Group harmony takes precedence over the wishes of the individual.
B)   The self is defined in the context of relationships.
C)   The independence of the individual often takes precedence over the needs of the group.
D)   The sense of self is viewed as more flexible than it is in collectivist cultures.

Question 12

According to Carl Jung, part of the legacy of human history is a:

Accepted Answer

A)   womb envy shared by all men, consisting of universal symbols of the "Earth Mother."
B)   penis envy shared by all women, consisting of universal memories of the "Powerful Father."
C)   collective unconscious shared by all human beings containing universal memories, symbols, and images.
D)   liturgical unconscious shared by all human beings containing symbols from each of the major world

Question 13

_______________ is defined as a distinctive and relatively stable pattern of behaviors, thoughts, motives, and emotions that characterizes an individual throughout life.

Accepted Answer

A)   A trait
B)   Personality
C)   Temperament
D)   The ego

Question 14

In collectivist cultures, group harmony takes precedence over the wishes of the individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A patient confides his homosexual orientation to his psychoanalyst. If the psychoanalyst shares the opinions of Sigmund Freud, he will view this sexual orientation as:

Accepted Answer

A)   a sin.
B)   a variation of sexual function.
C)   a perversion.
D)   something shameful.

Question 16

The humanist approach suggests that despite genetic, environmental, cultural, and psychodynamic
influences, people can exercise free will to determine the kind of person they will become.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Theorists within the psychodynamic tradition would agree that:

Accepted Answer

A)   humans are rational decision makers.
B)   personality development is smooth and continuous.
C)   psychologists need to rely on objective rather than subjective methods.
D)   adult personalities and ongoing problems are formed primarily by experiences in early childhood.

Question 18

According to your textbook, the shared environment of the home has relatively little influence on personality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Mark is angry when the teacher blames him for misbehaving when it actually was the child behind him who had been acting up. As he leaves after school, he shoves another boy who gets in his way. Freud would say that Mark is unconsciously using the defense mechanism of:

Accepted Answer

A)   displacement.
B)   repression.
C)   projection.
D)   denial.

Question 20

Members of individualist cultures:

Accepted Answer

A)   give priority to personal goals.
B)   value obligation and security.
C)   place responsibilities to the group above personal goals.
D)   tend to explain behaviors through group norms.

Exam 14: Theories of Personality

Although Carl Jung was fascinated with the darker aspect of human personality, he also had confidence in the positive strength of the ego.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The humanist approach suggests that despite genetic, environmental, cultural, and psychodynamic influences, people can exercise free will to determine the kind of person they will become.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Members of individualist cultures:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Raymond B. Cattell advanced the study of personality by applying a statistical method called case-study analysis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______________ occurs when a person's own unacceptable or threatening feelings are repressed and then attributed to someone else.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Carl Jung, part of the legacy of human history is a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Theorists within the psychodynamic tradition would agree that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud, the psychosexual stage that occurs during the grade school years until puberty is called the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to your textbook, the shared environment of the home has relatively little influence on personality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of an individualist culture?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A psychologist is studying how a society's shared rules, along with the values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by most members of that community, affect the behavior of individuals. This research could be described as investigating the effect of _____________ on behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the 1960s, a group of psychologists argued that it was time for a "third force" in psychology. What were the first two forces that were perceived as inadequate in explaining human behavior? What alternate perspective would be taken by the "third force" in describing human personality?

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

The personality theorist who described the importance of having peak experiences was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In collectivist cultures, group harmony takes precedence over the wishes of the individual.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient confides his homosexual orientation to his psychoanalyst. If the psychoanalyst shares the opinions of Sigmund Freud, he will view this sexual orientation as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To object-relations theorists, the central problem in life is to find a balance between the need for independence and the need for others.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When childrearing methods are studied, researchers have found that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______________ is defined as a distinctive and relatively stable pattern of behaviors, thoughts, motives, and emotions that characterizes an individual throughout life.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humanist psychology is sometimes called "the third force" in psychology.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mark is angry when the teacher blames him for misbehaving when it actually was the child behind him who had been acting up. As he leaves after school, he shoves another boy who gets in his way. Freud would say that Mark is unconsciously using the defense mechanism of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A good answer will include the following...
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