Question 1

_____ occurs when an extinguished CR reappears after a period of rest.

Accepted Answer

A)   Stimulus generalization
B)   Stimulus discrimination
C)   Successive approximation
D)   Spontaneous recoveryE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Behavior is decreased by:

Accepted Answer

A)   negative reinforcement and negative punishment.
B)   positive punishment and negative reinforcement..
C)   negative reinforcement and positive punishment.
D)   positive punishment and negative punishment.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

In the process called shaping,behaviors eventually disappear when they are no longer reinforced.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which type of consequence is correctly matched with an example?

Accepted Answer

A)   positive reinforcement - Vickie applies lotion to lessen the discomfort of a small burn.
B)   negative reinforcement - Ella's parents confiscate her car keys for breaking curfew.
C)   positive punishment - Laurel's mother yells at her when Laurel takes $20 from her purse.
D)   negative punishment - Maddie receives a bonus for outstanding work performance.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 5

To which process in perception is the concept of habituation in learning MOST similar?

Accepted Answer

A)   sensation
B)   accommodation
C)   constancy
D)   adaptationE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Perhaps the MOST influential early research on operant conditioning was conducted by:

Accepted Answer

A)   B.F.Skinner.
B)   John B.Watson.
C)   Ivan Pavlov.
D)   Albert Bandura.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

In the first phase of the classical conditioning process,a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Ivan Pavlov is associated with the study of classical conditioning.This means that he studied how:

Accepted Answer

A)   people learn by imitating others.
B)   organisms associate two different stimuli.
C)   people associate their behaviors with their consequences.
D)   organisms respond to repeated stimuli.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Negative punishment ____ a given behavior.Negative reinforcement _____ a given behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   decreases; decreases
B)   decreases; increases
C)   increases; decreases
D)   increases; increasesE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Money is to food as _____ reinforcement is to _____ reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A)   primary; secondary
B)   secondary; primary
C)   positive; negative
D)   negative; positiveE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 11

In classical conditioning,the neutral stimulus is paired with the unconditioned stimulus during the _____ phase.

Accepted Answer

A)   recovery
B)   acquisition
C)   generalization
D)   extinctionE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

In the final phase of the classical conditioning process:

Accepted Answer

A)   an unconditioned stimulus elicits an unconditioned response.
B)   a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
C)   a conditioned stimulus elicits a conditioned response.
D)   a neutral stimulus is paired with a conditioned stimulus.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Higher order conditioning entails forming an association between a conditioned stimulus and a new neutral stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In the first phase of the classical conditioning process:

Accepted Answer

A)   an unconditioned stimulus elicits an unconditioned response.
B)   a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
C)   a conditioned stimulus elicits a conditioned response.
D)   a neutral stimulus is paired with a conditioned stimulus.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Negative reinforcement weakens behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Learning refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)   an organism's decline in response following repeated stimulation.
B)   an organism's response to an event or occurrence.
C)   a relatively permanent change in behavior or thinking due to experience.
D)   an organism's ability to associate a behavior with its consequences.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Classical conditioning is the same thing as _____ conditioning.

Accepted Answer

A)   higher order
B)   instrumental
C)   operant
D)   PavlovianE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

A bright light causes people to blink reflexively.In this instance,blinking is a conditioned response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Operant conditioning is based on associations between stimuli.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Psychologists use the general term _____ to refer to all those behaviors that benefit others.

Accepted Answer

A)   prosocial
B)   nice
C)   altruistic
D)   empatheticE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 5: Learning

Psychologists use the general term _____ to refer to all those behaviors that benefit others.

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Negative reinforcement weakens behavior.

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In the first phase of the classical conditioning process,a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Perhaps the MOST influential early research on operant conditioning was conducted by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Operant conditioning is based on associations between stimuli.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the process called shaping,behaviors eventually disappear when they are no longer reinforced.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ occurs when an extinguished CR reappears after a period of rest.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of consequence is correctly matched with an example?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ivan Pavlov is associated with the study of classical conditioning.This means that he studied how:

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Negative punishment ____ a given behavior.Negative reinforcement _____ a given behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Higher order conditioning entails forming an association between a conditioned stimulus and a new neutral stimulus.

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In classical conditioning,the neutral stimulus is paired with the unconditioned stimulus during the _____ phase.

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Behavior is decreased by:

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Learning refers to:

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Money is to food as _____ reinforcement is to _____ reinforcement.

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Classical conditioning is the same thing as _____ conditioning.

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A bright light causes people to blink reflexively.In this instance,blinking is a conditioned response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the first phase of the classical conditioning process:

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In the final phase of the classical conditioning process:

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To which process in perception is the concept of habituation in learning MOST similar?

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Negative punishment a given behavior.Negative reinforcement _ a given behavior.

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Money is to food as _ reinforcement is to _ reinforcement.

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