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Value-based pricing uses the sellers' perception of value as the key to pricing.

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The movie industry in a country is controlled by six large studios that receive 90 percent of the annual revenues from movies. This is an example of a(n) ________.


A) pure competition
B) monopolistic competition
C) oligopolistic competition
D) pure monopoly
E) government monopoly

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A marketer's fixed costs are $400,000. The variable cost is $16 per unit, and the price of the product is $24 per unit. If the company wants to make a profit, how many units must it sell and at what price?

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If the company wants...

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Azure Air, an airline company, offers attractive prices to customers with tighter budgets. A no-frills airline, it charges for all other additional services, such as baggage handling and in-flight refreshments. Which of the following best describes Azure Air's pricing method?


A) target profit pricing
B) good-value pricing
C) cost-based pricing
D) break-even pricing
E) penetration pricing

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If demand is elastic rather than inelastic, sellers will consider lowering their prices.

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Companies using target costing ________.


A) first design a new product and then determine its cost
B) tailor their products to be in line with the marketing mix
C) routinely neglect customer value considerations
D) avoid determining an ideal selling price until analyzing test market results
E) start with an ideal selling price and then target costs that will ensure that the price is met

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In customer value-based pricing, price is considered along with all other marketing mix variables before the marketing program is set.

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"Beyond the market and the economy, the company must consider several other factors in its external environment when setting prices." Explain this statement.

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Beyond the market and the economy, the c...

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If demand hardly changes with a small change in price, the demand is ________.


A) variable
B) inelastic
C) highly elastic
D) derived
E) negative

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In the aftermath of the Great Recession, consumers ________.


A) have become more value conscious
B) have become less value conscious
C) exhibit great interest in prestige pricing
D) show no interest in price cutting
E) rarely endorse value-for-money deals

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Which of the following exemplifies a pure competitive market?


A) a market where many buyers and sellers trade over a range of prices rather than a single market price
B) a market where a single firm controls the larger fraction of the market share
C) a market where a few powerful firms control the larger fraction of the market share
D) a market characterized by only a few large sellers
E) a market where many buyers and sellers trade in a uniform commodity

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Department stores that practice everyday low pricing (EDLP) typically provide frequent sale days, early-bird savings, and bonus earnings for store credit-card holders.

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When McDonald's and other fast food restaurants offer "value menu" items at surprisingly low prices, they are most likely using ________.


A) break-even pricing
B) target profit pricing
C) good-value pricing
D) cost-plus pricing
E) target return pricing

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In Viña del Mar, Chile, a large number of shops specialize in selling the same quality of seafood products along the beach frequented by tourists. No individual shop dares charge more than the going price without fearing loss of business to other shop-owners. This exemplifies ________.


A) pure competition
B) monopolistic competition
C) oligopolistic competition
D) pure monopoly
E) the dominant firm model

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Overhead costs ________ as the number of units produced increases.


A) decrease
B) increase steadily
C) fluctuate
D) remain the same
E) increase rapidly

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Refer to the scenario below to answer the following questions. Alden Manufacturing produces small kitchen appliances-blenders, hand mixers, and electric skillets-under the brand name First Generation. Alden attempts to target newlyweds and first-time home buyers with this brand. Considering that most young households have limited financial resources, Alden attempts to engage in target costing. "In doing this," says Milt Alden, the co-founder of Alden Electronics, "we have better control over keeping price right in line with customers." Alden manufactures a three-speed blender, its top seller, along with a five-speed blender. The hand mixers are manufactured in two variants-a small handheld mixer with two rotating beaters and another that comes with an optional stand and an attached mixing bowl. Alden's temperature-controlled skillets are manufactured in a single style with three color options. "Our product offerings are narrower," Milt Alden added, "but our line workers know each product like the back of their hands. This allows us to produce superior products while holding our prices low. -If Alden raises the price of the handheld mixer by 2 percent and then the quantity demanded falls by 10 percent, what is the price elasticity of demand?


A) -5
B) -8
C) -12
D) 5
E) 12

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Underpriced products ________.


A) produce less revenue than they would if they were priced at the level of perceived value
B) sell poorly in the global marketplace
C) produce more revenue than they would if they were priced at the level of perceived value
D) mostly offer higher value than those with a high markup price
E) are characterized by rapidly declining demand

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Under ________, the market consists of many buyers and sellers trading in a uniform commodity.


A) pure competition
B) monopolistic competition
C) oligopolistic competition
D) a pure monopoly
E) the dominant firm model

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Companies that adopt value-added pricing ________.


A) consider value-added features as a fitting substitute for aggressive cost cutting
B) set incredibly low prices to meet competition
C) attach value-added features and services to differentiate their offers and support their higher prices
D) overprice their products without any apparent justification
E) underprice their products and lower quality to boost demand in the short-run

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Which of the following is true of value-based pricing?


A) The targeted value and price drive decisions about what costs can be incurred and the resulting product design.
B) Value-based pricing is mostly product driven.
C) Value-based pricing involves setting prices based on the costs of producing, distributing, and selling the product plus a fair rate of return for its effort and risk.
D) The marketer usually designs a product and marketing program and then sets the price.
E) A company using value-based pricing designs what it considers to be a good product, adds up the costs of making the product, and sets a price that covers costs plus a target profit.

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