Question 1

Use the following to answer question:
Figure: Efficiency and Pollution 
-(Figure: Efficiency and Pollution) Use Figure: Efficiency and Pollution.Assume that firms are the only beneficiaries of pollution and that costs are borne solely by others in the society.In the absence of government intervention,the marginal social cost of pollution will equal _____,and the marginal social benefit of pollution will equal _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  $25;$5
B)  $5;$25
C)  $15;$15
D)  $25;$0

Question 2

Use the following to answer question:
Figure: Model of a Competitive Market 
-(Figure: Model of a Competitive Market) Use Figure: Model of a Competitive Market.Given the figure,if a tax is imposed on sellers,the equilibrium price will _____ and the equilibrium quantity will _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase;decrease
B)  remain the same;increase
C)  remain the same;decrease
D)  increase;increase

Question 3

An example that does NOT illustrate an external cost is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the smoke nuisance of a factory.
B)  zoning restrictions on your property.
C)  land defilement from strip mining.
D)  a spreading patch of weeds on your next-door neighbor's lawn.

Question 4

The efficient rate of emissions occurs when:

Accepted Answer

A)  there is absolutely no damage done to a pristine environment.
B)  government forbid s all pollution,no matter what the cost.
C)  the marginal social benefits of pollution exceed the marginal social costs of pollution.
D)  the change in social benefits and the change in social costs from an additional unit of emissions are equal.

Question 5

According to the Coase theorem,when negative externalities are present,a market will:

Accepted Answer

A)  always reach an efficient solution.
B)  reach an efficient solution if transaction costs are low and property rights are well-defined.
C)  reach an efficient solution only if the government intervenes in the market with a tax.
D)  reach an efficient solution only if the negative externalities are offset by positive externalities.

Question 6

If government officials set an emissions tax too high:

Accepted Answer

A)  there will be too little pollution.
B)  there will be too much pollution.
C)  the marginal social cost of pollution will exceed the marginal social benefit of pollution.
D)  pollution will be unabated.

Question 7

Use the following to answer question: 
-(Table: Coal Mine Pollution) Use Table: Coal Mine Pollution.The table shows the marginal social benefit and cost of various amounts of pollution from a coal mine.If 5 tons of pollution is produced,the marginal social benefit is _____,and the marginal social cost is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  $0;$800
B)  $300;$500
C)  $400;$400
D)  $800;$0

Question 8

If the number of available tradable emissions permits is decreased,the equilibrium price of the permits _____ and the equilibrium quantity of emissions _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases;decreases
B)  increases;increases
C)  increases;decreases
D)  decreases;increases

Question 9

Which example is a good or market activity that is associated with a positive externality?

Accepted Answer

A)  smoking cigarettes
B)  listening to a new CD with earbuds
C)  innovation in the semiconductor industry
D)  an indoor classical music concert with tickets that cost $50

Question 10

Pigouvian taxes:

Accepted Answer

A)  tax the profits of polluting firms.
B)  are designed to reduce external costs.
C)  are essentially the same as emissions standards.
D)  are tradable emissions permits.

Question 11

Which example BEST describes tradable emissions permits?

Accepted Answer

A)  a tax system for internalizing emission costs to the market
B)  a subsidy system for encouraging production of goods with positive externalities
C)  a system of voluntary negotiations between polluters and damaged parties
D)  a system of licenses that can be bought and sold and that enable the holder to pollute up to a specified amount during a given period

Question 12

Automobile emissions generate pollution,have health costs for pedestrians,and cause discomfort to residents of a city.In this case:

Accepted Answer

A)  too little of society's resources are being used to operate automobiles.
B)  the externality can be internalized by imposing a specific tax on drivers.
C)  there is an external benefit to society from operating automobiles.
D)  the externality can be internalized by granting a specific subsidy to drivers.

Question 13

The total external cost of air pollution in Tennessee affects the final price of goods in Tennessee,assuming that the government does not intervene in the marketplace.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Use the following to answer question:
Figure: City with Two Polluters 
-(Figure: City with Two Polluters) Use Figure: City with Two Polluters.If the government wants to limit total pollution to 2,200 tons,it could impose an emissions tax of _____ on both firms.

Accepted Answer

A)  $100
B)  $200
C)  $300
D)  $400

Question 15

Which example illustrates an environmental policy based on tradable emission permits?

Accepted Answer

A)  a charge to companies of $1 for every 100 units of pollutants emitted
B)  paying companies $1 for each 10% reduction in emissions
C)  allowing companies to buy and sell the right to a certain level of emissions
D)  ignoring pollution and letting private markets operate without government interference

Question 16

Which statement is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  An emissions tax is a more efficient way to reduce pollution than is an environmental standard because an emissions tax equalizes the marginal benefit of pollution from all sources.
B)  An environmental standard is a more efficient way to reduce pollution than is an emissions tax because an environmental standard can be structured to equalize the reduction in pollution from all sources.
C)  If an emissions tax and environmental standards lead to the same total reduction in pollution,then they will also lead to the same reduction in pollution by individual polluters.
D)  It is easy to set emissions taxes at the "correct" level since the relationship between emissions taxes and the reduction in emissions that they induce has been extensively studied and is well known.

Question 17

Use the following to answer question:
Figure: Efficiency and Pollution 
-(Figure: Efficiency and Pollution) Use Figure: Efficiency and Pollution.Assume that firms are the only beneficiaries of pollution and that costs are borne solely by others in the society.If the government imposed an environmental standard that did NOT allow the quantity of pollution to exceed 40 tons,there would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  a socially optimal quantity of pollution.
B)  too little pollution because its marginal social benefit would exceed its marginal social cost.
C)  too much pollution because its marginal social cost would exceed its marginal social benefit.
D)  too much pollution because any pollution is too much from an economist's perspective.

Question 18

Use the following to answer question: 
-(Table: Externalities from Parks) Use: Table: Externalities from Parks.The table shows the marginal social benefit and the marginal social cost of preserving various amounts of land in a city for a public park.Suppose that parks result in positive benefits to the community as a whole but that the marginal private benefit that any one individual in the community gets from parks is close to 0.If 5 acres are dedicated to the park,the park is _____ from a social perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)  too large
B)  the socially optimum size
C)  too small
D)  the efficient size

Question 19

The efficient level of pollution is the quantity at which:

Accepted Answer

A)  its total benefits exceed its total costs to society by the greatest possible amount.
B)  its total benefits to society equal its total costs to society.
C)  the marginal social benefit of an additional unit of pollution is greater than the marginal social cost of the additional unit.
D)  the marginal social benefit of an additional unit of pollution is less than the marginal social cost of the additional unit.

Question 20

The marginal social benefit received from pollution is less than its marginal social cost in the market for highly polished glass.In this situation:

Accepted Answer

A)  firms in the market produce the socially optimal level of pollution.
B)  society's well-being cannot be improved by changing the quantity of pollution.
C)  firms in the market produce too much pollution.
D)  firms in the market produce too little pollution.

Exam 16: Externalities

Which statement is CORRECT?

Correct Answer
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If the number of available tradable emissions permits is decreased,the equilibrium price of the permits _ and the equilibrium quantity of emissions _.

Correct Answer
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Use the following to answer question: Figure: Model of a Competitive Market -(Figure: Model of a Competitive Market) Use Figure: Model of a Competitive Market.Given the figure,if a tax is imposed on sellers,the equilibrium price will _ and the equilibrium quantity will _.

Correct Answer
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Which example BEST describes tradable emissions permits?

Correct Answer
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An example that does NOT illustrate an external cost is:

Correct Answer
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Pigouvian taxes:

Correct Answer
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Which example is a good or market activity that is associated with a positive externality?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Automobile emissions generate pollution,have health costs for pedestrians,and cause discomfort to residents of a city.In this case:

Correct Answer
verified

The total external cost of air pollution in Tennessee affects the final price of goods in Tennessee,assuming that the government does not intervene in the marketplace.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

According to the Coase theorem,when negative externalities are present,a market will:

Correct Answer
verified

If government officials set an emissions tax too high:

Correct Answer
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The efficient level of pollution is the quantity at which:

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The efficient rate of emissions occurs when:

Correct Answer
verified

Which example illustrates an environmental policy based on tradable emission permits?

Correct Answer
verified

The marginal social benefit received from pollution is less than its marginal social cost in the market for highly polished glass.In this situation:

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following to answer question: Figure: City with Two Polluters -(Figure: City with Two Polluters) Use Figure: City with Two Polluters.If the government wants to limit total pollution to 2,200 tons,it could impose an emissions tax of _____ on both firms.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Exam 16: Externalities

Which statement is CORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the number of available tradable emissions permits is decreased,the equilibrium price of the permits _____ and the equilibrium quantity of emissions _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following to answer question: Figure: Model of a Competitive Market -(Figure: Model of a Competitive Market) Use Figure: Model of a Competitive Market.Given the figure,if a tax is imposed on sellers,the equilibrium price will _____ and the equilibrium quantity will _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which example BEST describes tradable emissions permits?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example that does NOT illustrate an external cost is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pigouvian taxes:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which example is a good or market activity that is associated with a positive externality?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Automobile emissions generate pollution,have health costs for pedestrians,and cause discomfort to residents of a city.In this case:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The total external cost of air pollution in Tennessee affects the final price of goods in Tennessee,assuming that the government does not intervene in the marketplace.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the Coase theorem,when negative externalities are present,a market will:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If government officials set an emissions tax too high:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The efficient level of pollution is the quantity at which:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The efficient rate of emissions occurs when:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which example illustrates an environmental policy based on tradable emission permits?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The marginal social benefit received from pollution is less than its marginal social cost in the market for highly polished glass.In this situation:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following to answer question: Figure: City with Two Polluters -(Figure: City with Two Polluters) Use Figure: City with Two Polluters.If the government wants to limit total pollution to 2,200 tons,it could impose an emissions tax of _____ on both firms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

If the number of available tradable emissions permits is decreased,the equilibrium price of the permits _ and the equilibrium quantity of emissions _.

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following to answer question: Figure: Model of a Competitive Market -(Figure: Model of a Competitive Market) Use Figure: Model of a Competitive Market.Given the figure,if a tax is imposed on sellers,the equilibrium price will _ and the equilibrium quantity will _.

Correct Answer
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